生态系统服务弹性敏感性系数的合理性与决策属性探讨

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.10.016

地理科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 1672-1679.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.10.016

• • 上一篇

生态系统服务弹性敏感性系数的合理性与决策属性探讨

丁振民, 姚顺波()

西北农林科技大学经济管理学院/资源经济与环境管理研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2018-12-25 修回日期:2019-03-04 出版日期:2019-10-10 发布日期:2019-10-10
通讯作者: 姚顺波 E-mail:yaoshunbo@163.com
作者简介:丁振民（1991-）,男,安徽淮北人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为资源经济与环境管理、林业经济与政策评价。E-mail:huanglishanren@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(71773091);林业公益性行业科研专项经费(201504424);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地基金(14JJD790031)

Rationality and Decision-making Attributes of Sensitivity Coefficient of Ecosystem Services Based on Elastic Model

Ding Zhenmin, Yao Shunbo()

Research Center for Resource Economics and Environmental Management,College of Economics and Management, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yang Ling 712100, Shaanxi,China

Received:2018-12-25 Revised:2019-03-04 Online:2019-10-10 Published:2019-10-10
Contact: Yao Shunbo E-mail:yaoshunbo@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(71773091);Special Funds for Scientific Research in Forestry Public Welfare Industry of China(201504424);Funding Project of Education Ministry for the Key Research Bases of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences(14JJD790031)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在经济学弹性基本概念的基础之上,采用数学推导的方式重点探讨3种生态系统服务弹性敏感性评价模型的合理性与决策属性。研究结果表明：① Kreuter敏感性系数大小始终为0~1;在极限形式下,生态系统服务价值变率函数与Kreuter敏感性系数具有相同的数学表达式与值域;所以这两种敏感性评价模型把1作为是否敏感的评价标准并不合适。生态系统服务交叉敏感性系数不符合一般意义上的“交叉敏感性”的概念,并且其计算公式不符合弹性的基本定义。② 弹性敏感性计算方式适用于随机变量间的研究,不适用于具有确定性关系的变量;生态系统服务框架下的3种弹性敏感性系数均建立在具有确定性关系的生态系统服务价值计算公式的基础之上,导致其敏感性计算结果缺乏深层次的决策属性。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 敏感性, 弹性, 合理性, 决策属性

Abstract:

It`s not suitable for 1 to be regard as criterion to judge the sensitivity of ecosystem services because the Kreuter sensitivity coefficient always ranges from 0 to 1, which means, it can only be regarded as the land ecological importance to ecosystem service value under the existing ecosystem service value evaluation system. In addition, the variability function of ecosystem service value has the same mathematical expression and range as Kreuter sensitivity coefficient in the limit form. However, sometimes it can get a little different or approximate calculation results using the inaccurate arc elasticity calculation method, so that it mistakenly leads us to believing that the two models get two kinds of results. Although the impact of the transformation between different categories on the value of ecosystem services is taken into the cross-sensitivity coefficient, the calculation formula does not meet the basic definition of elasticity, and so the calculation results are difficult to express the meaning of elasticity. The calculation method of elastic sensitivity is generally suitable for random variables, but not for variables with deterministic relations. Whether Kreuter sensitivity coefficient, variability function of ecosystem service value or ecosystem service cross-sensitivity coefficient are all based on the ecosystem services value formula. As a result, the elastic calculation results lack of deep decision-making attributes. According to the elasticity (sensitivity) in economics, the relationship between the supply or demand of ecosystem services and prices should be the research focus rather than the deterministic relationship between the ecosystem services value and the coefficient of ecological value. The price elasticity (sensitivity) of supply or demand of ecosystem services is inherent in the attributes of goods. It may be of greater practical significance to study the sensitivity of ecosystem services to price changes according to the attributes of goods. In ecosystem services, private goods are generally the necessities with the characteristics of low elastic demand and high elastic supply, while public goods are characterized by high elastic demand and low elastic supply. Although the existing studies have used Pearl growth curve to adjust the ecological value coefficient, they do not distinguish between private goods and public goods in ecosystem services, and uniformly regard ecosystem services as public goods.

Key words: ecosystem services, sensitivity, elasticity, rationality, decision-making attributes

中图分类号:

F062.2

丁振民, 姚顺波. 生态系统服务弹性敏感性系数的合理性与决策属性探讨[J]. 地理科学, 2019, 39(10): 1672-1679.

Ding Zhenmin, Yao Shunbo. Rationality and Decision-making Attributes of Sensitivity Coefficient of Ecosystem Services Based on Elastic Model[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019, 39(10): 1672-1679.

图/表 2

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生态系统服务	物品类型	特点
食物生产	私人物品	低弹性需求,少量的替代品;高弹性供给,廉价地进口
原料生产	私人物品	低弹性需求,少量的替代品;高弹性供给,廉价地进口
空气净化	公共物品	高弹性需求,具有奢侈品的特点;低弹性供给,少量的替代品
气候调节	私人物品	需求弹性不明;高弹性供给,依赖于能源效率进步和可再生资源更新
水资源供给	私人物品	低弹性需求,少量的替代品;高弹性供给
废物处理	私人物品	低弹性需求,少量的替代品;高弹性供给
土壤保持	公共物品	高弹性需求,具有奢侈品的特点;低弹性供给,少量的替代品
生物多样性	公共物品	高弹性需求,具有奢侈品的特点;低弹性供给,少量的替代品
美学景观	公共物品	高弹性需求,具有奢侈品的特点;低弹性供给,少量的替代品

生态系统服务弹性敏感性系数的合理性与决策属性探讨

Rationality and Decision-making Attributes of Sensitivity Coefficient of Ecosystem Services Based on Elastic Model

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