贵州不同规模等级坝子空间分布特征研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.11.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以1∶5万地形图和高清遥感影像为数据源,系统研究了贵州省面积在1 hm ²以上坝子的空间分布规律。研究发现：① 贵州省1 hm ²以上的坝子,仅占贵州省国土面积的3.99%,低于山间坝子占全省总面积7.51%的传统认识;② 以10~20 hm ²的坝子个数占比最高,随坝子面积增加,坝子个数占比也逐渐降低;③ 贵州坝子集中于贵州省中部,沿东北到西南一线;④ 贵州坝子体系等级结构较松散,相互之间等级规模差异存在差异。

关键词: 坝子, 规模等级, 贵州省

Abstract:

Due to the special topography, geomorphology and geological characteristics, there is a land resource characteristic with obvious more mountains and less flatlands in Guizhou Province. It is of important significance for the sustainable utilization of land resources and the land use transformation layout to reveal systematically the quantity characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of different size flatland in Guizhou Province. This paper aims to investigate the quantity structure and spatial distribution characteristics of different scale flatlands in Guizhou Province. The high-resolution ALOS remote sensing images (with a spatial resolution of 10 m and 2.5 m) in 2010 and the topographic map (1∶50 000) are chosen as main data sources to study systematically the spatial distribution of flatlands with area of ≥1 hm ² in Guizhou Province. The results show that the total area of flatland with an area of ≥1 hm ² accounts for only 3.99% of the total land area of Guizhou Province, lowering than the traditional understanding that the total area of flatlands distributed in mountains accounts for 7.51% of the total area of Guizhou Province. The number of faltland with area in 10-20 hm ²is the highest among all flatlands. With the increase of flatland area, the proportion of number of corresponding flatland gradually also reduces. The flatlands are concentrated in the central part of Guizhou Province, along the northeast to the southwest. The hierarchical structure of flatland systems in Guizhou Province is relatively loose, with a great difference among different grade and scale flatlands. Each grade of flatland system presents a cluster distribution patterns. The research results can provide reference for the optimal utilization of land resources in Guizhou Province.

Key words: flatlands, scale grade, Guizhou Province

中图分类号:

F301.2

李阳兵, 陈会, 罗光杰. 贵州不同规模等级坝子空间分布特征研究[J]. 地理科学, 2019, 39(11): 1830-1840.

Li Yangbing, Chen Hui, Luo Guangjie. Spatial Distribution of Different Scale Flatland in Guizhou Province, China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019, 39(11): 1830-1840.

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坝子面积与密度特征耦合类型	坝子的空间密度（个/ km²）	坝子占1 km²网格面积比（%）	面积占比（%）
低面积占比-低密度型	0~0.035	0~3.122	30.441
低面积占比-中等密度型	0.035~0.097	0~3.122	2.099
低面积占比-高密度型	0.164~0.647	0~3.122	0.215
中面积占比-低密度型	0~0.035	3.122~13.074	26.415
中面积占比-中等密度型	0.035~0.097	3.122~13.074	20.410
中面积占比-高密度型	0.164~0.647	3.122~13.074	3.243
高面积占比-低密度型	0~0.048	13.074~49.956	2.199
高面积占比-中等密度型	0.048~0.164	3.122~13.074	12.961
高面积占比-高密度型	0.164~0.647	13.074~49.956	2.017

坝子等级	最近邻点平均观测距离（km）	最近邻点平均期望距离（km）	平均最邻指数	z	m	分布模式
1	15.965	17.896	0.892	-2.251	0.024	集聚-随机分布
2	13.697	16.599	0.825	-4.487	0.000	集聚-随机分布
3	10.426	13.259	0.786	-6.961	0.000	集聚-随机分布
4	4.745	6.157	0.771	-17.386	0.000	集聚-随机分布
5	3.982	5.332	0.747	-21.935	0.000	集聚-随机分布
6	2.072	3.156	0.657	-51.907	0.000	集聚-随机分布
7	3.295	6.046	0.545	-35.803	0.000	集聚-随机分布