基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.01.015

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 119-127.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.01.015

基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究

周彬¹, 王雨桐^1,², 虞虎³, 吕宁⁴(), 张亦弛^1,²

^1. 宁波大学旅游系,浙江宁波 315211
^2. 法国昂热大学旅游与文化学院,法国昂热 49004
^3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究,北京 100101
^4. 北京第二外国语学院旅游科学学院,北京 100024

收稿日期:2019-03-11 修回日期:2019-06-15 出版日期:2020-01-10 发布日期:2020-03-17
通讯作者: 吕宁 E-mail:18227047@qq.com
作者简介:周彬(1979-), 男,山东曹县人,博士,教授,主要从事旅游与休闲地理学研究。E-mail: njuzhoubin@163.com
基金资助:
国家社科基金项目(19BJY205);国家自然科学基金项目(41701164);宁波市与中国社科院战略共建研究中心研究课题(NZKT201302)

SEM-based Analysis on Leisure Satisfaction of Urban Residents in Ningbo City

Zhou Bin¹, Wang Yutong^1,², Yu Hu³, Lyu Ning⁴(), Zhang Yichi^1,²

^1. Tourism Department of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
^2. Sino-European Institute of Tourism and Culture, University of Angers, Angers 49004, France
^3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
^4. Tourism School, Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China

Received:2019-03-11 Revised:2019-06-15 Online:2020-01-10 Published:2020-03-17
Contact: Lyu Ning E-mail:18227047@qq.com
Supported by:
National Social Science Foundation of China(19BJY205);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41701164);Research Topic of Strategic Co-construction Research Center of Ningbo and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(NZKT201302)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

休闲满意度研究对于提升城市居民美好生活质量具有重要意义。采用Beard等编制的休闲满意度量表,以问卷调查数据为基础,通过构建结构方程模型对浙江省宁波城市居民休闲满意度进行了研究。结果表明：①宁波城市居民对休闲带来的放松体验最满意,教育功能和审美体验次之,身体和心理满意度相对较低,而社会满意度最低。②审美满意度、身体满意度和心理满意度对宁波城市居民休闲总体满意度具有显著影响,其中,审美满意度的影响程度最大,其次为心理满意度和身体满意度,而放松、社交以及教育满意度对休闲总体满意度具有显著影响的研究假设未获支持。③构建的宁波城市居民休闲满意度结构方程模型具有跨样本稳定性特征。研究结果可为提升宁波城市居民休闲满意度提供理论依据。

关键词: 结构方程模型, 休闲满意度, 城市居民, 宁波市

Abstract:

Leisure satisfaction is one of the most important areas of leisure research, which has a significant impact on improving urban residents’ life quality. However, domestic research on leisure satisfaction is still at the exploration stage, few previous studies has used structural equation model to analysis urban residents’ leisure satisfaction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore factors affecting leisure satisfaction among urban residents in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. Items were derived from an adaptation of the Beard and Ragheb (1980) Leisure Satisfaction Scale. Data were collected from 940 residents at places for daily leisure activities in Ningbo. Participants were assessed using a questionnaire that captured leisure satisfaction and demographic data. Identity test was performed to assess the leisure satisfaction model fit. The findings were indicated as follows: 1) Urban residents in Ningbo were mostly satisfied with relaxation experience (3.895) brought by leisure, followed by educational function (3.564) and aesthetic experience (3.547). The values of physiological satisfaction (3.534) and psychological satisfaction (3.447) were relatively low, and the item of social satisfaction (3.403) was the lowest. 2) According to the results of SEM analysis, it was found that the aesthetic satisfaction, physiological satisfaction and psychological satisfaction have significant positive impacts on the overall leisure satisfaction of residents surveyed in Ningbo, among which, aesthetic satisfaction has the greatest influence, subsequent psychological satisfaction and physical satisfaction. The path coefficients are 0.280, 0.240 and 0.159, respectively, while the assumptions of the influence of relaxation satisfaction, social satisfaction and educational satisfaction on overall leisure satisfaction has not been supported. (P values are 0.845, 0.385 and 0.866, respectively, all greater than 0.05). 3) The findings also showed that when factor load is set, residual variation is measured, factor variance and covariance were identical, the SEM of leisure satisfaction of Ningbo urban residents constructed in this study still has the identity between samples. 4) The results verified the theoretical hypothesis, as well as clarified the influencing mechanism of leisure satisfaction of Ningbo urban residents. The SEM shows stability and validity between different samples. Therefore, the article provided valuable theoretical reference for improving leisure satisfaction of urban residents in the case.

Key words: structural equation model（SEM）, leisure satisfaction, urban residents, Ningbo City

中图分类号:

F590

周彬, 王雨桐, 虞虎, 吕宁, 张亦弛. 基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(1): 119-127.

Zhou Bin, Wang Yutong, Yu Hu, Lyu Ning, Zhang Yichi. SEM-based Analysis on Leisure Satisfaction of Urban Residents in Ningbo City[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(1): 119-127.

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维度（均值）	题项	因子载荷	均值	标准差	CR	AVE
教育满意度（3.564）	休闲活动提供学习新事物机会	0.792	3.59	0.912	0.8605	0.6073
	休闲活动帮助了解其他人	0.768	3.61	0.905
	休闲活动帮助自我认知	0.832	3.51	0.912
	休闲活动增加对周围事物认知	0.721	3.55	0.893
审美满意度（3.547）	休闲活动场所很漂亮	0.696	3.49	0.914	0.8213	0.5400
	休闲活动场所令人感兴趣	0.880	3.68	0.859
	休闲场所规划设计很好	0.582	3.36	0.934
	休闲活动环境清新干净	0.750	3.66	0.954
身体满意度（3.534）	休闲活动能够增强体能	0.738	3.46	0.947	0.8001	0.5023
	休闲活动挑战体力	0.594	3.34	0.974
	休闲活动帮助恢复体力	0.735	3.53	0.862
	休闲活动帮助保持健康	0.756	3.81	0.857
放松满意度（3.895）	休闲活动帮助缓解压力	0.816	4.06	0.781	0.8757	0.7014
	休闲活动令人心情愉悦	0.853	4.05	0.827
	休闲活动帮助放松自己	0.843	3.96	0.812
心理满意度（3.447）	休闲活动带来自信	0.868	3.54	0.896	0.8452	0.5825
	休闲活动带来成就感	0.858	3.44	0.932
	对休闲活动非常感兴趣	0.688	3.68	0.905
	休闲活动中使用技能	0.606	3.12	0.978
社交满意度（3.403）	结交乐于从事休闲活动的人	0.651	3.38	0.987	0.7655	0.4495
	休闲活动中遇到的人很友善	0.663	3.42	0.914
	休闲活动帮助寻觅知己	0.671	3.19	1.035
	休闲活动给予社交上的互动	0.696	3.62	0.932

拟合指数	绝对拟合指数										简约拟合指数
拟合指数	x²/df	GFI	AGFI	RMSEA	SRMR	NFI	NNFI	CFI	IFI	RFI	PNFI	PGFI
理想数值	（1, 3）	>0.90	>0.90	<0.06	<0.08	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	>0.50	>0.50
原始模型	13.519	0.723	0.664	0.115	0.2912	0.724	0.708	0.738	0.739	0.691	0.648	0.595
修正模型	2.309	0.961	0.944	0.037	0.0297	0.962	0.970	0.978	0.978	0.949	0.722	0.662

假设关系	影响路径	估计值	SE	组合信度	P	结果
H1	社交满意度→休闲总满意度	0.043	0.051	0.868	0.385	不成立
H2	心理满意度→休闲总满意度	0.240	0.044	4.750	***	成立
H3	教育满意度→休闲总满意度	-0.010	0.057	-0.169	0.866	不成立
H4	身体满意度→休闲总满意度	0.159	0.048	3.399	***	成立
H5	审美满意度→休闲总满意度	0.280	0.050	6.833	***	成立
H6	放松满意度→休闲总满意度	0.009	0.045	0.196	0.845	不成立

维度	题项	测度样本（470个）		效度样本（470个)
维度	题项	因子载荷	残差	因子载荷	残差
教育满意度	休闲活动提供学习新事物的机会	0.822	0.268	0.768	0.336
	休闲活动帮助了解其他人	0.784	0.328	0.752	0.336
	休闲活动帮助自我认知	0.835	0.255	0.829	0.252
	休闲活动增加对周围事物的认知	0.723	0.384	0.726	0.359
审美满意度	休闲活动场所很漂亮	0.679	0.435	0.733	0.400
	休闲活动场所令人感兴趣	0.862	0.190	0.867	0.182
	休闲场所规划设计很好	0.606	0.529	0.591	0.584
	休闲活动环境清新干净	0.763	0.372	0.742	0.406
身体满意度	休闲活动能够增强体能	0.719	0.424	0.759	0.386
	休闲活动挑战体力	0.612	0.550	0.702	0.511
	休闲活动帮助恢复体力	0.726	0.348	0.725	0.356
	休闲活动帮助保持健康	0.760	0.306	0.767	0.304
放松满意度	休闲活动帮助缓解压力	0.747	0.266	0.883	0.136
	休闲活动令人心情愉悦	0.869	0.150	0.828	0.238
	休闲活动帮助放松自己	0.827	0.185	0.866	0.183
心理满意度	休闲活动带来自信	0.864	0.199	0.881	0.183
	休闲活动带来成就感	0.825	0.272	0.884	0.193
	对休闲活动非常感兴趣	0.693	0.413	0.674	0.450
	休闲活动中使用技能	0.637	0.550	0.563	0.632
社交满意度	结交乐于从事休闲活动的人	0.714	0.468	0.766	0.408
	休闲活动中的人很友善	0.766	0.358	0.754	0.349
	休闲活动帮助寻觅知己	0.641	0.597	0.637	0.656
	休闲活动给予社交互动	0.827	0.286	0.742	0.358

结构模型	测度样本（470个）		效度样本（470个)		总体样本（940个）
结构模型	路径系数 SRW	t检验值 CR	路径系数 SRW	t检验值 CR	路径系数 SRW	t值检验 CR
社交满意度→总体满意度	0.032	0.643	0.069	0.338	0.043	0.385
心理满意度→总体满意度	0.303	***	0.200	0.002**	0.240	***
教育满意度→总体满意度	-0.051	0.549	0.034	0.678	-0.010	0.866
身体满意度→总体满意度	0.156	0.022*	0.162	0.012*	0.159	***
审美满意度→总体满意度	0.271	***	0.307	***	0.280	***
放松满意度→总体满意度	-0.049	0.470	0.003	0.959	0.009	0.845

基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究

SEM-based Analysis on Leisure Satisfaction of Urban Residents in Ningbo City

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限制条件		Chi²	df	NCP	RMSEA	NFI	CFI	GFI	IFI	TLI
模型①	形态形同	926.909	422	504.909	0.036	0.926	0.958	0.925	0.958	0.945
模型②	限制因子载荷相同 Δχ²(17)=19.463,P=0.303	946.372	439	507.372	0.035	0.925	0.958	0.924	0.958	0.947
模型③	限制载荷、残差、方差相同 Δχ²(23)=23.002,P=0.461	949.372	445	504.911	0.035	0.924	0.958	0.924	0.958	0.948
模型④	限制载荷、残差、路径系数相同 Δχ²(44)=53.742,P=0.149	980.652	466	514.652	0.034	0.922	0.957	0.921	0.957	0.949

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