苏锡常地区制造业污染减排综合分析与评价

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.02.009

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 238-247.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.02.009

苏锡常地区制造业污染减排综合分析与评价

张姗姗^1,^2,³, 朱晓东¹(), 张磊², 朱钰¹

^1. 南京大学环境学院/污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京 210046
^2. 江苏省环境工程重点实验室,江苏省环境科学研究院,江苏南京 210036
^3. 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室/中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 江苏南京 210008

收稿日期:2019-01-21 修回日期:2019-04-02 出版日期:2020-02-10 发布日期:2020-04-09
通讯作者: 朱晓东 E-mail:xdzhu@nju.edu.cn
作者简介:张姗姗（1987-）,女,河南洛阳人,博士研究生,主要从事城市与区域发展规划研究。E-mail: shanshanzhang1126@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技部重大专项(2018ZX07208007);中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-10-04-2);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所135重点项目(NIGLAS2012135006)

Comprehensive Evaluation of Pollution Reduction of Manufacturing Industry in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou District

Zhang Shanshan^1,^2,³, Zhu Xiaodong¹(), Zhang Lei², Zhu Yu¹

^1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China
^2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Sicence, Nanjing 210036, Jiangsu, China
^3. Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China

Received:2019-01-21 Revised:2019-04-02 Online:2020-02-10 Published:2020-04-09
Contact: Zhu Xiaodong E-mail:xdzhu@nju.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX07208007);Key Deployment Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-10-04-2);135 Key Projects of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS2012135006)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以太湖流域苏锡常为例,通过构建制造业污染物排放强度、制造业污染物排放量、制造业集聚度、水环境健康水平4个指数对制造业污染物排放特征进行综合评价和分析,通过前3个指标的叠加,得到污染综合程度指数,反映制造业的污染物排放程度和减排效应,然后与水环境健康指数进行叠加,得到制造业污染程度与水环境健康之间的作用关系。结果显示：① 研究区污染程度“高”“较高”“中等”“较低”“低”区域面积分别为816.12、3 314.56、7 628.25、2 500.67和2 861.75 km ²,分别占研究区总面积的4.77%,19.36%,44.55%,14.61%和16.71%,并在空间上存在明显的分异性,太湖上游地区和环太湖地区主要为污染程度“低”和“较低”区域,中游和下游环湖区域主要为污染程度“中等”区域,中下游远离太湖的地区主要污染程度为“高”和“较高”区域;② 制造业的污染程度对水环境的健康存在重要影响作用,在很大程度上呈现强烈的空间正相关性,主要表现为较健康-轻污染、中健康-中污染和低健康-重污染等分布面积广泛（约45%）,在空间上呈现太湖上游地区主要为较健康-轻污染和中健康-轻污染区域,中下游地区则主要为较健康-中污染、中健康-重污染和低健康-重污染分布区域。

关键词: 制造业, 污染减排, 污染程度指数, 综合评价

Abstract:

Taking the case study of Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou district, this paper spreads the analysis of the comprehensive evaluation indicators system based on the construction of four indexes (emission intensity of manufacturing industry, pollutant emission of manufacturing industry, agglomeration degree of manufacturing industry, water environmental health level), and obtain the comprehensive evaluation index which reflect the degree of pollutant discharge and the effect of emission reduction of manufacturing industry rely on the first three indexes. Then the water ecological health index and the contamination degree index were generated to evaluate influence relationship. Results show that: 1) The study area was divided into five categories: highest-pollution degree area, higher-pollution degree area, general-pollution degree area, lower-pollution degree area, lowest-pollution degree area. The acreage is 816.12, 3 314.56, 7 628.25, 2 500.67 and 2 861.75 km ² and account for 4.77%, 19.36%, 44.55%, 14.61% and 16.71% of the total area respectively. And it showed that the spatial difference is evident, the up-stream and region around Taihu are mainly “lowest” and “lower” pollution area, the mid-stream and down-stream region around Taihu are mostly general-pollution degree area, the mid-stream and down-stream regions far away from Taihu are essentially “highest” and “higher” pollution area. 2) The pollution level of manufacturing industry has a direct effect on the health of water environment in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou district. They have a strong spatial positive correlation, as there is wide distribution area of more health-light pollution, medium health-medium pollution and low health and-heavy pollution (about 45%). From the perspective of spatial analysis, the upstream of Taihu lake basin is mainly the distribution of more health-light pollution and medium health-light pollution area. The midstream and downstream is mainly the distribution of medium pollution-more health, medium health-heavy pollution and low health-heavy pollution area. The coupling relationship between industrial pollution degree and water environment pollution appears positively vegetative, therefor, the water environmental can be improved by readjusting the structure and distribution of manufacturing, and limiting the industry with high pollution intensity layout near Taihu or the Lake stream.

Key words: manufactory industry, emission reduction, pollution degree index, comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

K901

张姗姗, 朱晓东, 张磊, 朱钰. 苏锡常地区制造业污染减排综合分析与评价[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(2): 238-247.

Zhang Shanshan, Zhu Xiaodong, Zhang Lei, Zhu Yu. Comprehensive Evaluation of Pollution Reduction of Manufacturing Industry in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou District[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(2): 238-247.

图/表 9

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评价指标	低（1分）	较低（2分）	中等（3分）
污染排放强度指数	0<P₁≤1.20 0<P₂≤0.10	1.20<P₁≤3.57 0.10<P₂≤0.28	3.57<P₁≤7.25 0.28<P₂≤0.58	7.25<P₁≤12.40 0.58<P₂≤1.28	12.40<P₁≤26.32 1.28<P₂≤3.25
污染排放量指数	0<Q₁≤81.2 0<Q₂≤7.2	81.2<Q₁≤259.0 7.2<Q₂≤24.5	259.0<Q₁≤771.9 24.5<Q₂≤68.9	771.9<Q₁≤1990.6 68.9<Q₂≤278.1	1990.6<Q₁≤9734.2 278.1<Q₂≤884.1
制造业集聚指数	0<f(x)≤0.14	0.14<f(x)≤0.34	0.34<f(x)≤0.61	0.61<f(x)≤0.10	0.10<f(x)≤2.04
水环境健康指数	优（I=5）	良（I=4）	中（I=3）	差（I=2）	劣（I=1）

综合评分	污染程度	污染特征
0~20	低	单位面积污染强度和污染物排放量均很小、鲜有企业分布,污染程度轻
20~40	较低	单位面积污染强度和污染物排放量均较轻、有少量企业集聚,污染程度较轻
40~60	中等	污染强度和污染物排放量均一般、有部分企业集聚,污染程度一般
60~80 80~100	较高高	污染强度和污染物排放量均较大、有较多企业集聚分布,污染程度较为严重污染强度高和污染物排放量均很大、大量企业集聚分布,污染程度严重

健康程度	耦合类型	面积（km²）	面积占比（%）
较健康	较健康-重污染	214.81	1.25
	较健康-中污染	3613.16	21.10
	较健康-轻污染	2767.07	16.16
中健康	中健康-重污染	2206.73	12.89
	中健康-中污染	2955.80	17.26
	中健康-轻污染	2079.84	12.15
低健康	低健康-重污染	1963.19	11.47
	低健康-中污染	946.61	5.53
	低健康-轻污染	374.15	2.19

苏锡常地区制造业污染减排综合分析与评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Pollution Reduction of Manufacturing Industry in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou District

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