广西土壤有机质空间变异特征及其影响因素研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.03.016

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 478-485.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.03.016

广西土壤有机质空间变异特征及其影响因素研究

钟聪^1,², 李小洁³, 何园燕³, 邱微文³, 李杰⁴, 张新英¹, 胡宝清^1,²

^1. 南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室/广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西南宁530001
^2. 南宁师范大学地理与海洋研究院,广西南宁 530001
^3. 南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西南宁 530001
^4. 广西壮族自治区地质调查院,广西南宁 530023

收稿日期:2019-05-09 修回日期:2019-08-13 出版日期:2020-03-10 发布日期:2020-05-13
作者简介:钟聪（1986-）,女,四川自贡人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事环境与生态地球化学研究。E-mail: zhongcg@nnnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41867049);广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFBA380106);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFAA281263);国家重点研发计划资助(2016YFC0502401)

Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Matter and Its Influencing Factors in Guangxi, China

Zhong Cong^1,², Li Xiaojie³, He Yuanyan³, Qiu Weiwen³, Li Jie⁴, Zhang Xinying¹, Hu Baoqing^1,²

^1. Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, China/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
^2. Institute of Geography and Oceanography, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
^3. School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
^4. Guangxi Institute of Geological Survey, Nanning 530023, Guangxi, China

Received:2019-05-09 Revised:2019-08-13 Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-05-13
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41867049);Nature Sciences Foundation of Guangxi(2016GXNSFBA380106);Nature Sciences Foundation of Guangxi(2018GXNSFAA281263);National Key R & D Plan(2016YFC0502401)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于广西第二次土壤普查的270个土壤剖面资料,结合1∶50万数字化土壤类型图、土地利用类型图和气象监测数据等资料,利用地统计学和逐步回归分析等方法对广西表层土壤有机质空间变异特征及其影响因素进行了探究。结果表明：广西表层土壤有机质平均含量为3.11±2.19%,变异系数为70.72%,空间分布呈北高南低的趋势。广西表层土壤有机质空间分布受到自然和人为因素的共同影响,土壤类型、成土母质、海拔、土地利用、气候和坡度6个环境因子对全区土壤有机质含量变异的综合解释能力为47.9%。其中,土壤类型是最重要的影响因素,能独立解释其变异的36.0%,海拔和成土母质分别能独立解释28.5%和15.8%。气温对广西土壤有机质空间分布的影响比降水量更加显著,从而造成了广西土壤有机质整体呈南低北高的趋势。同时,土壤有机质对气温的敏感性在一定程度上受到降雨量的制约。此外,研究区农业耕作管理等因素对土壤有机质的影响也不容忽视。

关键词: 土壤有机质, 广西, 地统计学, 逐步回归分析

Abstract:

Based on the 270 soil profile data of the second soil investigation of Guangxi, the digitized soil type map (1∶500 000), the map of land use types, and the meteorological monitoring data of Guangxi, geostatistical methods and stepwise regression analysis were applied to analyze the spatial variation of soil organic matter and its influencing factors in Guangxi, China. Results showed that the soil organic matter in Guangxi was higher in the north but lower in the south, with an average of 3.11±2.19% and a coefficient of variation of 70.72%. Spatial distribution of soil organic matter is affected by both natural and anthropogenic factors. The comprehensive interpretation ability of six environmental factors to the variation of soil organic matter content is 47.9%. Soil type is the main influencing factor, which can explain 36.0% of the variation, independently. Altitude and soil parent material can explain 28.5% and 15.8%, respectively. Caused by that the effect of temperature on soil organic matter is greater than that of precipitation in Guangxi, spatial distribution of soil organic matter is displayed a trend of lower in the south but higher in the north of Guangxi. At the same time, sensitivity of soil organic matter to temperature was restricted by precipitation. In addition, there were also factors, such as agricultural farming management, which lead to the increase of soil organic matter in the study area.

Key words: soil organic matter, Guangxi, geo-statistics, stepwise regression analysis

中图分类号:

X144

钟聪, 李小洁, 何园燕, 邱微文, 李杰, 张新英, 胡宝清. 广西土壤有机质空间变异特征及其影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(3): 478-485.

Zhong Cong, Li Xiaojie, He Yuanyan, Qiu Weiwen, Li Jie, Zhang Xinying, Hu Baoqing. Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Matter and Its Influencing Factors in Guangxi, China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(3): 478-485.

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影响因子	R²	ΔR²	R²_偏
土壤类型	0.390	0.088	0.144
成土母质	0.440	0.038	0.068
海拔	0.454	0.025	0.046
土地利用	0.466	0.012	0.022
气温	0.467	0.011	0.021
坡度	0.478	0.001	0.002

土地利用类型	气温(℃)	SOC(%)	ΔSOC(%)
水田	<20	2.562	-0.058
水田	>20	2.620	-0.058
旱地	<20	3.106	0.298
旱地	>20	2.808	0.298
有林地	<20	4.235	0.515
有林地	>20	3.720	0.515
灌木林	<20	4.221	1.843
灌木林	>20	2.378	1.843
草地	<20	5.370	2.278
草地	>20	3.092	2.278
广西	<20	3.527	0.580
广西	>20	2.947	0.580

区域	分类	有机质（%)	pH	全氮（%)	全磷（%)	全钾（%）	速效磷(ppm)	阳离子交换量
喀斯特地区	全部	5.57	7.12	0.32	0.12	0.61	12.85	21.30
	非耕地	7.33	7.18	0.41	0.11	0.50	10.08	26.95
	耕地	3.10	7.03	0.20	0.14	0.76	17.00	10.00
红壤地区	全部	3.82	5.16	0.18	0.05	1.53	4.88	12.42
	非耕地	4.48	4.85	0.20	0.05	1.81	4.48	10.37
	耕地	2.80	5.66	0.14	0.05	1.08	5.60	15.32

广西土壤有机质空间变异特征及其影响因素研究

Spatial Variation of Soil Organic Matter and Its Influencing Factors in Guangxi, China

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