大连市文化企业的空间分布变化与区位影响因素

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.04.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于大连市2000年、2008年和2016年文化企业数据,以街道为空间尺度,运用全局自相关、热点区分析、负二项回归模型等方法探究大连市文化企业空间分布变化与区位影响因素。结果发现:① 大连市文化企业空间布局整体呈现明显的“市中心”偏好,2000-2016年文化企业空间扩散现象明显,但核心城区的集聚程度却不断提高,最终呈现出“两心一带”的分布格局。② 大连市的南部地区一直是全市文化企业的热点地区,表现出明显的圈层特性。在研究时段内热点区域面积减少,但是热点集聚中心的位置没有发生变化。③ 生产型文化企业仍高度集聚于传统中心城区,消费型文化企业则向城区边缘和新区扩散,形成多中心集聚的分布格局。④ 在街道空间尺度下,区位要素和集聚要素对文化企业的区位选择具有显著影响,政策要素的影响不显著。与消费型文化企业相比,生产型文化企业对集聚效益、文化资源和商务环境等因素更敏感。

关键词: 文化企业, 文化企业布局, 区位选择影响, 负二项回归, 大连市

Abstract:

How to rationally lay out cultural firms has become an important way to analyze the development of urban cultural industry from a micro perspective. This paper explores the spatial distribution changes and location factors of cultural firms in Dalian based on the data of cultural firms in 2000, 2008 and 2016, taking the sub-district as a spatial scale and using global autocorrelation, hotspot analysis and negative binomial regression model, etc. The results show: 1) The spatial distribution of cultural firms presents the ‘city center’ preference, although the spatial diffusion phenomenon of the cultural firms from 2000 to 2016 is obvious, but the degree of agglomeration in urban core areas is constantly increasing, finally the spatial distribution of cultural firms in Dalian presents a pattern of ‘two centers and one belt’. 2) The southern part of Dalian has always been a hot spot for cultural firms in the city, showing obvious circle characteristics. During the study period, the area of the hot spot decreased, but the location of the hot spot center did not change, still centered on the traditional core city and the new district. 3) The spatial distribution of production-oriented cultural firms presents the ‘city center’ preference, However, consumer-oriented cultural enterprises spread to the edge of the main city and formed a multi-center pattern. 4) At the street space scale, location elements and agglomeration elements have a significant impact on the location choice of cultural firms, but the impact of policy elementsis not significant. Compared with consumption-oriented culture firms, production-oriented cultural firms are more sensitive to factors such as agglomeration benefits, cultural resources and economic environment.

Key words: culture firms, spatial of culture firms, location choice, negative binomial regression model, Dalian

中图分类号:

F259.23

张丽, 韩增林. 大连市文化企业的空间分布变化与区位影响因素[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(4): 665-673.

Zhang Li, Han Zenglin. The Spatial Variation and Location Influencing Factors of Cultural Firms in Dalian City, China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(4): 665-673.

图/表 6

图1

表1

大连市文化企业全局自相关情况"

	2000年	2008年	2016年
$Moran’s I$	0.8633	0.7960	0.6403
E(I )	-0.0062	-0.0062	-0.0062
Z Score	38.1775	35.2338	28.8677
P-value	0.000	0.000	0.000

表1

图2

图3

表2

表3

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要素	解释变量	定义与解释	预期
区位要素	AIRPORT ROAD STATION DENSITY FACILITIES COLLEGE CBD	各街道中心到机场的距离各街道中心到最近主干道的距离各街道中心到最近客运站的距离区域内的路网密度是否有大型文化设施是否有高等院校是否为CBD所在	- - - + + + +
集聚要素	NUMBER	上一研究时刻（2008年）的文化企业数（2014年前街道文化企业数）	+ +
	POPUDENS	街道人口密度（取对数）	+
政策要素	QUARTER	有无文化产业园区	+
政策要素	MAREA FACTORY	是否属于现代服务业集聚区是否有旧仓库改造园区或属于老城区	+ +

变量缩写	模型1 全部文化企业	模型2 消费型文化企业	模型3 生产型文化企业	模型4 2014年后新增消费型文化企业	模型5 2014年后新增生产型文化企业
AIRPORT	-3. 0700^*	-0.0001^*	-0.0001^*	-0.0001^**	-0.0001^**
ROAD	-0.0001^**	-0.0001	-0.0001^*	0.0001	-0.0001^**
STATION DENSITY FACILITIES	-0.0001^* 27.1176^* 0.2668^**	-0.0001^* 64.4560^ 0.3969^	-0.0001 97.6324^** 0.6282^*	-0.0001 52.6595 0.6499^*	-2.9500 97.9517^ 1.0856^
COLLEGE	0.1739^**	0.3524^**	0.0995	0.2042	0.3169
CBD	0.3476^**	0.5853^**	0.5932^**	0.3845^*	0.1995
NUMBER POPUDENS	0.0146^** -2.1300	0.0184^** -8.0000	0.0292^** -6.5600	0.0184^** -0.0001	0.0178^** -7.2500
QUARTER	0.0288	-0.0353	0.2170	0.2200	0.4569
MAREA	0.0170	0.1758	-0.1250	0.0427	-0.2477
FACTORY	0.0747	-0.0414	0.1478	-0.2786	-0.4713
_-cons	2.8149^**	2.4252^**	1.3313^**	0.8218^*	0.0514
Alpha	0.0601^**	0.2422^**	0.4998^**	0.2439^**	0.2489^**
LL	-521.92	-511.74	-392.06	-301.18	-225.22