区域创新政策评价的框架、测度与检验

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.10.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构建区域创新政策评价的理论框架，在宏观知识生产函数中引入信息化作为创新技术进步的替代变量，基于DEA与Malmquist指数，用全要素生产率指数存量来衡量区域创新政策。并以省际高技术产业为例进行了实证，研究结果表明：区域创新政策的特征和评价维度决定评价的多样性，基于政策效果与政策交互作用的区域创新政策评价具有重要意义；区域创新政策总体上处于稳步提高阶段，较低地区以西部中部地区为主；区域创新政策测度模型系统性较好，其检验方法有待进一步深化；采用政府研发经费投入作为区域创新政策的替代变量值得商榷。

关键词: 区域创新政策, 测度, 高技术产业, 全要素生产率

Abstract:

Innovation policy is the sum of direct or indirect policies and measurements which are formulated and conducted by the government to rule the behaviors of innovation subjects, and to promote the generation and development of technology innovation. Innovation policy evaluation is of great significance for regional innovation policy optimization. This article constructed the theoretical framework of regional innovation policy evaluation, and introduced informatization in macro knowledge production function as a surrogate variable for innovation technology advancement to eliminate the influence of technology advance to total factor productivity. Based on the DEA and Malmquist indices, the processed total factor productivity index is used to measure regional innovation policies. And the provincial high-tech industry was taken as an example for empirical research. The results show that the characteristics and evaluation dimensions of regional innovation policy determine the diversity of evaluation, so the evaluation of regional innovation policies which is based on policy performance and policy interaction is important; the regional innovation policy is generally in a steady improvement phase, and the lower regions are mainly in the central western region; the regional innovation policy measurement model is systematic, but its inspection method needs further development; It is debatable to use government R&D expenditure as a surrogate variable for regional innovation policy. This article provides a new policy measurement method, making up for the deficiency of related fields.

Key words: regional innovation policy, measurement, high-tech industry, total factor productivity

中图分类号:

G302

俞立平. 区域创新政策评价的框架、测度与检验[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(10): 1610-1617.

Yu Liping. Framework, Measurement and Inspection of Regional Innovation Policy Evaluation[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(10): 1610-1617.

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指标	创新产出Y/亿元	研发经费K/万元	研发人力资本L/（人年）	电信业务额/亿元
均值	452.98	262894.40	9960.00	505.08
极大值	11900.00	7691587.00	210298.00	4553.38
极小值	0.01	42.00	6.00	13.15
标准差	1214.06	717126.60	23149.32	581.55
数量	27×19=513

年份	创新政策指数	年份	创新政策指数
1998	1.26	2007	2.68
1999	1.43	2008	1.71
2000	1.55	2009	1.20
2001	1.59	2010	1.42
2002	1.78	2011	1.59
2003	1.54	2012	1.52
2004	2.60	2013	1.62
2005	1.59	2014	1.78
2006	1.80	2015	1.82

地区	创新政策指数	排序	地区	创新政策指数	排序
天津	5.80	1	上海	1.25	15
山西	5.71	2	江西	1.11	16
重庆	3.79	3	湖北	1.05	17
安徽	3.69	4	湖南	0.81	18
江苏	3.18	5	福建	0.62	19
甘肃	3.04	6	河北	0.62	20
广东	2.89	7	黑龙江	0.60	21
吉林	2.41	8	陕西	0.56	22
河南	1.91	9	内蒙古	0.43	23
北京	1.85	10	云南	0.43	24
山东	1.65	11	四川	0.40	25
辽宁	1.62	12	广西	0.40	26
浙江	1.53	13	贵州	0.36	27
海南	1.42	14	平均	1.82

	式（2）		式（3）
	固定效应	混合回归	固定效应	混合回归
常数项	3.542^***（71.729）	2.695^***（23.196）	3.912^***（21.583）	2.479^***（14.594）
log K	0.798^***（71.968）	0.838^***（25.105）	0.842^***（17.888）	1.081^***（21.097）
log L	0.073^***（5.567）	0.117^***（3.332）	?0.043（?0.849）	0.100^*（1.895）
log I	0.111^***（9.939）	0.124^***（4.179）	0.106^**（2.516）	?0.036（?0.749）
log P	0.963^***（97.102）	0.670^***（30.685）	?	?
log G	?	?	0.012（0.360）	?0.153^***（?5.187）
Hausman	31.792	?	13.138	?
P	0.000	?	0.011	?
R²	0.997	0.965	0.967	0.928