地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1663-1670.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.10.010

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“21世纪海上丝绸之路”航运服务业网络格局研究

王列辉1,2,3,4,5(), 张楠翌5, 朱艳6   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心，上海 200062
    2. 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州），广东 广州 511458
    3. 华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心，上海 200241
    4. 华东师范大学未来城市实验室，上海 200241
    5. 华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院，上海 200241
    6. 上海市川沙中学，上海 201299
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-29 出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2020-12-05
  • 作者简介:王列辉（1978−），男，浙江慈溪人，教授，主要从事交通地理学、城市地理学、历史地理学的研究。E-mail： lhwang@re.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（41971155）、上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题（2018BCK010）、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州）人才团队引进重大专项（GML2019ZD0601）、教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目（17JJD790007）、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

Network Structure of Maritime Producer Services of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

Wang Liehui1,2,3,4,5(), Zhang Nanyi5, Zhu Yan6   

  1. 1. The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China
    3. Research Center for China Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    4. Future City Lab, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241,China
    5. School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    6. Shanghai Chuansha High School, Shanghai 201299, China
  • Received:2019-01-29 Online:2020-10-10 Published:2020-12-05
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (41971155), Shanghai Social Science Academic Foundation (2018BCK010), Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0601), MOE Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities (17JJD790007), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

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摘要：

在“一带一路”倡议下，发展航运服务业对于巩固与提升中国在全球航运网络中的地位具有重要意义。构建103家跨国公司在“21世纪海上丝绸之路（海丝之路）”沿线1 054个城市的分布数据库，分析7种航运服务业在“海丝之路”沿线的网络特征。研究表明：① “海丝之路”沿线航运服务业网络的层级分布特征明显，处于第一层级的均为亚洲城市，说明亚洲航运服务业在航运服务业网络中地位重要。② 在“海丝之路”这一层面，伦敦、香港、新加坡等城市和地区构成大的联系三角，在中国层面，上海、香港、北京构成小的联系三角。③ 高端航运服务业主要分布在欧洲城市，亚洲城市在中端航运服务业方面占据重要地位，在低端航运服务业方面，非洲城市在仓储服务业表现突出，亚洲和欧洲城市则在船舶修造业实力雄厚。④ 高端航运服务业往往受城市的历史、文化、语言、法律、制度影响较大，对地方的根植性较强，倾向于首都等内陆城市，而中低端航运服务业主要依托于货物运输，受自然条件和区位条件等因素的影响较大，往往随货物运输转移而转移，倾向于分布在港口城市。

关键词: 航运服务业, 网络格局, Talor “连锁网络模型”, 21世纪海上丝绸之路

Abstract:

Under the initiative of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China should change from a large shipping country to a strong shipping country, and the development of maritime producer services, especially high-end maritime producer services, is of great significance to the consolidation and promotion of ports’ status and function in China. Based on the Taylor’s Network Interlock Model, using the distribution of 103 multinational corporations in 7 different types of maritime producer services in 1054 cities along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, a database is constructed to calculate the network characteristics. Studying the network structure of the maritime producer services which along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. And exploring whether the maritime producer services will also migrate after the migration of container transportation to East Asia. The results show that: 1) The maritime producer services is mainly concentrated in a few important node cities. The hierarchy characteristics of the maritime producer services network are obvious. The first-layer cities are Hong Kong, Singapore, Beijing, Shanghai and Dubai. Their relative network connection values are 1.00, 0.98, 0.89, 0.88, 0.86, which are much higher than other cities. Simultaneously the first two layers are all Asian cities, which shows that the maritime producer services in Asian is becoming more and more important. 2) The maritime producer services in Europe is numerous and has obvious agglomeration characteristics. The maritime producer services in Asia is mainly distributed along the coastline in the shape of a strip. At the level of 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the links among London, Hong Kong and Singapore constitute a big triangle. At the Chinese level, the links among Shanghai, Hong Kong and Beijing constitute a small triangle. This network structure has emerged in recent years and shows the rapid development of maritime producer services in Chinese cities. 3) From the perspective of spatial distribution, maritime producer services are most densely distributed in Europe, East Asia and Southeast Asia. High-end maritime producer services are mainly concentrated in European cities which are mainly capitals or economic centers. Asian cities play an important role in the mid-end maritime producer services, especially in the freight forwarding industry. A total of 13 Asian cities rank in the top 20, indicating that as the center of gravity of global shipping moves to Asia, and the center of gravity of freight forwarding industry also moves to Asia. In terms of low-end maritime producer services, African cities have performed prominently in warehousing services, while Asian and European cities play an important role in shipbuilding. 4) High-end maritime producer services are often influenced by the city’s history, culture, language, and political system. It is rooted in the local area and tends to be in the capital and other inland cities. The middle and low-end maritime producer services, which is mainly dependent on the transportation, is greatly influenced by the factors such as natural conditions and location conditions. It tends to transfer with the transportation and tends to be distributed in the port city.

Key words: maritime producer services, network structure, Talor “Interlocking Network Model”, 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

中图分类号: 

  • K902