地方品质驱动新时期中国城市创新力时空演化

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.11.006

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 1812-1821.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.11.006

地方品质驱动新时期中国城市创新力时空演化

李在军¹(), 姜友雪², 秦兴方³^,^*()

1.扬州大学苏中发展研究院，江苏扬州 225009
2.江苏经贸职业技术学院金融学院，江苏南京 210007
3.扬州大学商学院，江苏扬州 225127

收稿日期:2019-10-16 修回日期:2019-12-24 出版日期:2020-11-10 发布日期:2020-11-10
通讯作者: 秦兴方 E-mail:junzailinyi@gmail.com;xfqin@yzu.edu.cn
作者简介:李在军（1989−），男，山东临沂人，博士，助研，主要研究方向为区域经济发展。E-mail: junzailinyi@gmail.com
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学基金项目（20YJCZH080，17YJCZH236）、扬州大学科技创新培育基金项目（2019CXJ199）、国家社会科学基金重点项目（17AJL009）资助

Local Quality of Place Drives the Spatio-temporal Evolution Pattern of China’s Urban Creative Ability in the New Era

Li Zaijun¹(), Jiang Youxue², Qin Xingfang³^,^*()

1. Research Institute of Central Jiangsu Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
2. School of Finance, Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Commerce, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China
3. Business School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China

Received:2019-10-16 Revised:2019-12-24 Online:2020-11-10 Published:2020-11-10
Contact: Qin Xingfang E-mail:junzailinyi@gmail.com;xfqin@yzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20YJCZH080, 17YJCZH236), Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Fund Project of Yangzhou University (2019CXJ199), National Social Science Foundation of China (17AJL009)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对2001—2016年中国地级市地方品质驱动创新力时空演化格局的研究表明：① 2001年来地市创新力差异趋于持续扩大，且呈明显的阶段性变化，创新力差异自2008年来趋于缓慢下降，而创新力空间集聚性不断增强。② 东部沿海地市存在稳定提升创新活力的多邻域创新极，中西部高创新力地市多位于经济实力较强的区域中心。③ 地市创新力演化存在固着的“核心?边缘”空间结构，且呈现出时变的累积与惯性效应，创新高增长协同发展态势整体较弱。④ 地方服务品质、消费品质、信息化水平、基础设施及医疗服务品质对创新力具有重要影响，地方环境品质、交通便利和吸纳外资品质的影响程度较弱。

关键词: 创新力, 地方品质, 多层次模型, 中国

Abstract:

Innovation in essence is driven by talent, while talent is driven by local quality of place. In this sense, local quality of place is an important logic of promoting urban innovation, which is conductible to improve the ability of technological innovation for the development of modern cities in the present and future. This article aims to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution pattern and driving forces of the innovation ability of Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2001 to 2016. The results show: 1) The overall difference of innovation ability between prefecture-level cities continues to expand, but it tends to decline slowly since 2008. There exits significantly spatial agglomeration phenomenon of innovation ability. 2) The local spatial structure of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is relatively stable, and the innovative and dynamic cities are scattered in provincial capitals or regional centre. Among them, the eastern coastal cities have relatively stable multi-region innovation poles to enhance innovation vitality, while the innovation environment in the central and western regions is weak as a whole, and the high level innovative cities are mostly located in the regional centers with strong economic strength. 3) The evolution of the innovation ability of prefecture-level cities shows the fixed “core-edge” spatial structure, and it appears to be time-varying cumulative and inertial effects. As a result, the synergistic high growth of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is weak, resulting in aggravated differentiation of innovation level. 4) The spatio-temporal differentiation pattern of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is the result of the comprehensive effect of multidimensional local quality of place. Local service quality, consumption quality, information level, infrastructure construction and medical service quality have important effect on local innovation ability, while local ecological environment quality, convenient transportation and absorbing foreign investment quality have weak impact on innovation ability. In the future, the investment and construction of local quality should be the key to gather high-end innovation talents.

Key words: innovation ability, quality of place, multilevel model, China

中图分类号:

K902

李在军, 姜友雪, 秦兴方. 地方品质驱动新时期中国城市创新力时空演化[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(11): 1812-1821.

Li Zaijun, Jiang Youxue, Qin Xingfang. Local Quality of Place Drives the Spatio-temporal Evolution Pattern of China’s Urban Creative Ability in the New Era[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(11): 1812-1821.

图/表 7

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一级指标	二级指标	三级指标
地方品质	消费品质	人均国内生产总值（PGDP）
		产业结构高级化程度（ISAD）
		外商直接投资额占GDP比重（FDIR）
	服务品质	高等学校在校师生（HETS）
		万人拥有病床数（BTTP）
		科技教育支出占财政支出比重（TEEA）
		科研综合技术服务从业人员（SRTP）
	环境品质	建成区绿化覆盖率（GCBA）
	速度品质	万人拥有公共汽车数（NBTT）
		人均道路拥有面积（PCRA）
		人均固定电话和移动电话数及互联网接入数（PMIA）

空间滞后	t_i/t_i+1	2001—2008年					2008—2016年
空间滞后	t_i/t_i+1	转移次数	低水平/%	中低水平/%	中高水平/%	高水平/%	转移次数	低水平/%	中低水平/%	中高水平/%	高水平/%
注：t_i为第i个单元的初始时期；t_i+1为第i个单元的转移后期；不含港澳台基础数据。
低水平	低水平	596	99.16	0.84	0.00	0.00	988	99.39	0.61	0.00	0.00
	中低水平	56	33.93	64.29	1.79	0.00	63	7.94	84.13	7.94	0.00
	中高水平	25	0.00	16.00	76.00	8.00	41	0.00	2.44	87.80	9.76
	高水平	89	0.00	0.00	4.49	95.51	94	0.00	0.00	2.13	97.87
中低水平	低水平	305	97.05	2.95	0.00	0.00	269	99.26	0.74	0.00	0.00
	中低水平	97	19.59	76.29	4.12	0.00	44	15.91	81.82	2.27	0.00
	中高水平	29	0.00	44.83	55.17	0.00	9	0.00	11.11	77.78	11.11
	高水平	83	0.00	0.00	7.23	92.77	56	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00
中高水平	低水平	116	97.41	2.59	0.00	0.00	140	97.14	2.86	0.00	0.00
	中低水平	51	15.69	82.35	1.96	0.00	20	15.00	65.00	20.00	0.00
	中高水平	17	0.00	29.41	70.59	0.00	13	0.00	23.08	61.54	15.38
	高水平	37	0.00	0.00	5.41	94.59	49	0.00	0.00	0.00	100.00
高水平	低水平	321	96.26	3.74	0.00	0.00	456	97.37	2.63	0.00	0.00
	中低水平	208	15.38	78.37	6.25	0.00	131	9.92	82.44	7.63	0.00
	中高水平	106	0.00	25.47	67.92	6.60	78	0.00	14.10	71.79	14.10
	高水平	209	0.00	0.00	7.66	92.34	229	0.00	0.00	1.31	98.69

解释变量	一层模型		二层模型		三层模型
解释变量	系数	P值	系数	P值	系数	P值
注：SRTP为科研综合技术服务从业人员；PGDP为人均国内生产总值；TEEA为科技教育支出占比；HETS为高等学校在校师生；PMIA为人均电话数和互联网接入数；GCBA为建成区绿化覆盖率；PCRA为人均道路拥有面积；NBTT为万人拥有公共汽车数；ISAD为产业结构高级化；FDIR为外商投资占比；BTTP为万人拥有病床数；空白无内容；不含港澳台基础数据。
SRTP	0.9592	<0.001	0.828	<0.001	0.7244	<0.001
PGDP	0.3602	<0.001	0.4019	<0.001	0.0381	0.234
TEEA	0.3376	<0.001	0.3788	<0.001	0.0985	0.008
HETS	0.0580	<0.001	0.0398	0.001	0.0140	0.047
PMIA	0.4965	<0.001	0.4379	<0.001	0.2855	<0.001
GCBA	?0.0979	0.006	?0.0945	0.007	?0.0078	0.693
PCRA	0.0950	0.014	0.0868	0.022	?0.0303	0.159
NBTT	?0.1174	0.004	?0.1372	0.001	0.0122	0.590
ISAD	0.5184	<0.001	0.6176	<0.001	?0.0557	0.364
FDIR	?0.0847	0.007	?0.1082	<0.001	0.0349	0.058
BTTP	0.1239	0.071	0.1159	0.083	?0.0138	0.727
?2Loglikelihood	1260.48		1225.95		300.15
LR test			34.52（P<0.001）		960.32（P<0.001）

地方品质驱动新时期中国城市创新力时空演化

Local Quality of Place Drives the Spatio-temporal Evolution Pattern of China’s Urban Creative Ability in the New Era

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