地理科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 129-139.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.01.014
收稿日期:
2020-01-18
修回日期:
2020-05-16
出版日期:
2021-01-25
发布日期:
2021-03-04
通讯作者:
吕拉昌
E-mail:18801240727@163.com;lachanglu@163.com
作者简介:
辛晓华(1997-),女,河北衡水人,博士研究生,主要从事创新地理、新经济与城市发展规划研究。E-mail: 基金资助:
Xin Xiaohua1(), Lyu Lachang1,2,3,*(
)
Received:
2020-01-18
Revised:
2020-05-16
Online:
2021-01-25
Published:
2021-03-04
Contact:
Lyu Lachang
E-mail:18801240727@163.com;lachanglu@163.com
Supported by:
摘要:
基于中国285个地级及以上城市的数据,利用空间自相关模型,在全域和局域尺度分析技术创新与环境污染的空间关联,在此基础上,使用地理加权回归模型分析技术创新对环境污染影响程度的地区差异,并借助地理探测器分析其影响机理。研究结果表明:① 技术创新与环境污染均存在显著的空间集聚性,二者在全域尺度上存在正向的空间关联,在局域尺度上正向和负向关联并存,具有高创新-高污染、低创新-低污染、高创新-低污染、低创新-高污染4种集聚类型。② 所有城市的技术创新对环境污染均存在负向影响,影响程度呈现出由东向西渐次递增的空间分异格局,现有样本计算结果有条件地支持EKC曲线,技术创新能够促进经济与环境的良性发展。③ 环境污染是多种因素共同作用的结果,经济发展、产业结构、人力资本、外商直接投资、环境规制均能强化技术创新对环境污染的改善作用,技术创新对环境污染的影响更多的是通过技术进步优化产业结构,从而减少环境污染。
中图分类号:
辛晓华, 吕拉昌. 中国主要城市技术创新影响环境污染的空间分异与机理[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(1): 129-139.
Xin Xiaohua, Lyu Lachang. Spatial Differentiation and Mechanism of Technological Innovation Affecting Environmental Pollution in Major Chinese Cities[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(1): 129-139.
表1
技术创新和环境污染的单变量和双变量空间自相关估计"
2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | ||
注:未含港澳台及各自治州、盟和地区数据。 | |||||||
技术创新单变量 | Moran’s I | 0.183 | 0.187 | 0.191 | 0.194 | 0.200 | 0.207 |
P-value | 0.058 | 0.052 | 0.049 | 0.046 | 0.037 | 0.028 | |
环境污染单变量 | Moran’s I | 0.224 | 0.220 | 0.290 | 0.316 | 0.277 | 0.347 |
P-value | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | |
技术创新和环境污染双变量 | Moran’s I | 0.091 | 0.079 | 0.101 | 0.129 | 0.114 | 0.158 |
P-value | 0.011 | 0.028 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.001 |
表2
技术创新影响环境污染GWR模型回归系数的统计性描述"
变量 | 均值 | 最小值 | 1/4分位数 | 中位数 | 3/4分位数 | 最大值 |
注:未含港澳台及各自治州、盟和地区数据。 | ||||||
技术创新 | -0.587 | -1.469 | -0.743 | -0.582 | -0.425 | -0.015 |
经济发展 | 1.269 | 0.388 | 0.678 | 1.321 | 1.776 | 2.370 |
产业结构 | -0.051 | -0.329 | -0.111 | -0.050 | -0.009 | 0.083 |
人力资本 | -0.168 | -0.352 | -0.231 | -0.192 | -0.104 | 0.174 |
FDI | -0.136 | -1.815 | -0.368 | -0.279 | 0.085 | 0.816 |
环境规制 | -0.290 | -0.727 | -0.498 | -0.167 | 0.326 | 0.789 |
常数项 | -0.023 | -0.217 | -0.119 | -0.086 | 0.086 | 0.324 |
表3
技术创新加入前后GDP一次项系数与GDP平方项系数的估计结果"
变量 | 均值 | 最小值 | 1/4分位数 | 中位数 | 3/4分位数 | 最大值 | |
注:未含港澳台及各自治州、盟和地区数据。 | |||||||
无技术创新驱动 | GDP | 0.994 | 0.598 | 0.864 | 0.986 | 1.115 | 1.388 |
GDP2 | -0.541 | -1.033 | -0.688 | -0.509 | -0.373 | -0.018 | |
有技术创新驱动 | GDP | 1.023 | 0.799 | 0.938 | 1.019 | 1.117 | 1.276 |
GDP2 | -0.131 | -0.698 | -0.245 | -0.153 | 0.042 | 0.343 | |
技术创新 | -0.145 | -1.163 | -0.549 | -0.477 | -0.423 | -0.274 |
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