1960—2017年阿拉善高原风蚀气候侵蚀力时空演变

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.06.019

地理科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1096-1104.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.06.019

1960—2017年阿拉善高原风蚀气候侵蚀力时空演变

马茜茜¹^,²(), 肖建华¹, 姚正毅¹^,^*(), 魏明年³, 吴青瑞³, 洪雪峰³

1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.阿拉善盟公路管理局，内蒙古阿拉善 750306

收稿日期:2020-09-08 修回日期:2020-12-16 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-08-13
通讯作者: 姚正毅 E-mail:maxx@lzb.ac.cn;yaozy@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:马茜茜（1995-），女，山西长治人，硕士研究生，研究方向为风沙灾害防治。E-mail： maxx@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区交通运输厅建设科技项目(NJ-2018-29)

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Wind Erosion Climatic Erosivity in the Alxa Plateau During 1960-2017

Ma Xixi¹^,²(), Xiao Jianhua¹, Yao Zhengyi¹^,^*(), Wei Mingnian³, Wu Qingrui³, Hong Xuefeng³

1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Highway Management Bureau of Alxa League, Alxa 750306, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2020-09-08 Revised:2020-12-16 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-08-13
Contact: Yao Zhengyi E-mail:maxx@lzb.ac.cn;yaozy@lzb.ac.cn
Supported by:
Construction Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Transportation Department(NJ-2018-29)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据阿拉善高原8个气象站观测资料，利用联合国粮农组织公式计算风蚀气候因子指数值（C值），分析气候侵蚀力时空演变特征。结果表明：① 阿拉善高原C值为15.0~160.0，平均为67.7。② 从空间分布来看，C值由拐子湖分别向东南、西南减小；拐子湖站高达156.1，而阿拉善高原东南部的腾格里沙漠南缘C值为20~30；西南部合黎山一带C值下降至30~35。③ 季节变化明显，春季最大，夏季次之，秋季最小；春季和夏季的C值之和约占全年的62.6%。Mann-Kendall（M-K）检验分析表明，风蚀气候侵蚀力在1990年发生突变。拐子湖站年C值增加趋势显著，其余各站年C值均显著下降。风速是阿拉善高原风蚀气候侵蚀力的决定性气象因子。

关键词: 阿拉善高原, 风蚀气候侵蚀力, 风蚀气候因子指数, Mann-Kendall（M-K）检验

Abstract:

Based on the meteorological data from 8 weather stations in the Alxa Plateau, the wind erosion climatic factor index (C factor) was calculated using the function given by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, and the spatio-temporal variation of wind erosion climatic erosivity was analyzed. The results showed that the C factor of Alxa Plateau ranged from 15.0 to 160.0 and the average was 67.7. On the spatial, C factor decreased from Guaizi Lake to Southeast and southwest respectively; the C-factor, at Guaizi Lake station was 156, while the C factor, on the southern edge of Tengger Desert in the southeast of Alxa Plateau was 20-30 and that of Heli Mountain in the southwest was 30-35. The seasonal variation of C factor was distinct. On the whole, the largest value was in spring, the second in summer and the smallest in autumn. The sum of C factor in spring and summer accounted for 62.6% of the whole year. Mann Kendall (M-K) test showed that the wind erosion climatic erosivity had abrupt change in 1990. The annual C factor of Guaizi Lake station increased markedly, while other stations decreased significantly. Wind speed was the decisive factor of wind erosion climate erosivity in the Alxa Plateau.

Key words: the Alxa Plateau, wind erosion climatic erosivity, wind erosion climatic factor index, Mann-Kendall (M-K) test

中图分类号:

K903

马茜茜, 肖建华, 姚正毅, 魏明年, 吴青瑞, 洪雪峰. 1960—2017年阿拉善高原风蚀气候侵蚀力时空演变[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(6): 1096-1104.

Ma Xixi, Xiao Jianhua, Yao Zhengyi, Wei Mingnian, Wu Qingrui, Hong Xuefeng. Spatio-temporal Evolution of Wind Erosion Climatic Erosivity in the Alxa Plateau During 1960-2017[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(6): 1096-1104.

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台站	全年	春季	夏季	冬季
注：^**表示在5%水平下通过显著性检验，正、负值分别表明上升和下降。
阿拉善右旗	-20.8^**	-7.9^**	-5.7^**	-4.0^**
阿拉善左旗	-4.1^**	-1.8^**	-1.1^**	-0.6^**
巴彦诺尔公	-7.3^**	-2.0^**	-1.3^**	-2.1^**
额济纳	-15.2^**	-5.3^**	-5.1^**	-1.9^**
拐子湖	8.9^**	2.8^**	2.2^**	1.4
吉兰泰	-6.5^**	-2.5^**	-1.2^**	-1.6^**
鼎新	-4.4^**	-1.0	-0.6	-2.1^**
民勤	-2.4^**	-1.1^**	-0.6^**	-0.4^**

1960—2017年阿拉善高原风蚀气候侵蚀力时空演变

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Wind Erosion Climatic Erosivity in the Alxa Plateau During 1960-2017

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