乡村游客真实性体验模型研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.07.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

关于乡村旅游体验的研究，多以“乡村性”为主题，鲜有基于“真实性”视角的深入探讨。文章基于真实性视角，采用混合研究方法，构建乡村游客真实性体验模型，并进行验证。首先，通过质化研究，构建出“真境”“真情”“真智” “真我”4个维度的概念模型；其次，采用量化研究，验证了“真境”“真情”“真智”“真我”4个维度的合理性，4个维度存在中等程度的关联性，进一步验证表明，4个维度可以收敛在二阶变量“真实性体验”上。乡村游客真实性体验模型既拓展了真实性理论的应用范围，又进一步发展了真实性理论的内涵，为指导乡村旅游实践提供了理论基础。同时，真实性也是乡村游客深层动机的核心元素之一，即可作为乡村性的一个维度，也可独立应用于乡村旅游研究之中。

关键词: 真实性, 乡村性, 真境, 真情, 真智, 真我

Abstract:

Based on the theory of authenticity, this paper explores the dimensions of rural tourism experience using a hybrid research approach. Firstly, the paper uses the grounded theory to extract the four dimensions of ‘true environment’, ‘true feelings’, ‘true wisdom’ and ‘true self’ to construct a conceptual model of rural tourism experience. Secondly, the paper used quantitative research to verify the rationality of the four dimensions of true environment, true feelings, true wisdom, and true self. The four dimensions have a moderate degree of correlation. Further verification shows that the four dimensions can be converge on the second-order variable “authenticity experience”. The results are shown as follows: 1) The authenticity experience model of rural tourists include four dimensions. The foundation of the true environment is the original rural natural environment and the original rural humanistic environment. True feelings include tourist feelings and the feelings in interpersonal communication. True wisdom refers to the tourists’ spiritual or epiphany to the objective world, social life and other aspects in the process of rural tourism. The true self is a kind of psychological state including optimism, calmness, ease and satisfaction. True environment is the basic level, true feelings and true wisdom are enhancement levels, and true self is the highest level. 2) Authenticity is one of the main elements of tourists’ motivation and willingness to travel in rural areas, which indicates that ‘authenticity’ can be used as one of the core indicators to measure the difference between rural and urban environmental experiences. Rural resources and the environment mostly exist in a natural state and are mostly ‘true’, while urban resources and the environment are mostly in an artificial state and are mostly ‘false’. The authenticity experience model of rural tourists reveals the differences between urban and rural areas from the authenticity level. 3) The paper puts forward two ways to deal with the relationship between rurality and authenticity: one is subordination, which regards authenticity as an important dimension of rurality, that is, rurality is not only reflected in objective elements, but also reflected in tourists’ perception and experience. The other is the juxtaposition relationship, which juxtaposes authenticity and rural nature. In addition, the strategies of rural cultural revitalization is proposed from the aspects of true environment, true feelings, true intelligence, and true self. Finally, limitations and prospects are discussed.

Key words: authenticity, rurality, true environment, true feelings, true wisdom, true self

中图分类号:

F590

陈才, 赵志峰. 乡村游客真实性体验模型研究[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(7): 1237-1245.

Chen Cai, Zhao Zhifeng. A Research of Authenticity Experience Model of Rural Tourists[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(7): 1237-1245.

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核心范畴	主范畴	对应范畴	概念
乡村游客真实性体验	真境	O1文化景观	传统建筑、节事、习俗、古村落、民居、传统手工艺、乡土食材、历史文化、民风（9个概念）
	真境	O2自然景观	植物、气候、农作物、家禽、空气、河流、湖泊、小动物（8个概念）
	真情	O3释放负面情绪	释放压力、远离烦恼（2个概念）
		O4自我情绪体验	和谐、安静、享受、怀旧（4个概念）
		O5他人情绪体验	热情、淳朴、真诚、慷慨（4个概念）
	真智	O6人生智慧	知足常乐、简单真实、宽容真诚（3个概念）
	真智	O7生活智慧	回归生活、回归乡村、增长知识（3个概念）
	真我	O8认识自我	反思不足、认识个性发现潜力（3个概念）
	真我	O9呈现自我	自由惬意、内心充盈、自我满足、重拾兴趣爱好、展现真实想法（5个概念）

题项	标准化载荷因子	组合信度	平均提取方差	Cronbach’s α 系数
注：^*表示在测量模型中删除的题项。空白处表示无此项。
真境		0.801	0.509	0.799
TC1感受到了没有太多人工修饰的自然景观^*
TC2感受到了食材与食材加工的乡土性	0.599
TC3感受到了原生态的民俗文化	0.799
TC4感受到了地道的传统生产与生活方式	0.833
TC5感受到了具有地方特色的传统建筑	0.587
TC6提供了经由当地手工艺人用当地原材料制作的纪念品和工艺品^*
真情		0.838	0.510	0.854
TF1能够使我精神得到放松，内心情绪得以释放^*
TF2唤醒了我的真实情感	0.729
TF3能感受到乡村人的淳朴、真诚与热情	0.750
TF4感到心态特别容易平和	0.748
TF5感到能与家人更加自然、真实、友好的交流	0.668
TF6容易与其他游客更加自然、真实、友好的交流	0.667
真智		0.759	0.512	0.849
TW1能让我产生了回归自然的想法	0.774
TW2能让我产生了回归乡村生活的念头	0.657
TW3该乡村旅游地让我感悟到了平凡与伟大的关系^*
TW4让我领悟到了存在的意义与价值^*
TW5让我领悟到了真实的世界^*
TW6让我感悟到了繁华落尽是平淡	0.712
真我		0.901	0.604	0.905
TS1更好的认识到了我的个性	0.728
TS2让我内心充盈自由	0.780
TS3能使我重新找回自我	0.793
TS4展现了真实的自我	0.825
TS5更好的充实自我与完善自我	0.841
TS6能使我的内心更加平静	0.685

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