城市空间形态对城市热岛效应的多尺度影响研究进展

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.10.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着全球城市化的快速发展和气候变暖及极端高温事件的加剧，城市热岛效应已成为了21世纪影响人类生存发展的重要环境问题。因此，阐明城市热岛强度时空变化特征，揭示多空间尺度下的形成机制是人文地理学和气候学研究的热点和前沿交叉科学问题。从街道峡谷微观尺度、城市街区局部尺度和城市宏观尺度全面总结和系统梳理了城市空间形态对城市热岛效应的多尺度影响和耦合机制，提出了未来通过定量表征城市热岛强度、城市空间形态的空间格局、时间演化特征及规律，构建空间关系分析模型，进而揭示城市空间形态在不同时空尺度对城市热岛强度的作用机制，为城市规划、宜居城市建设以及气候变化的响应与适应研究提供理论指导。

关键词: 城市热岛强度, 城市空间形态, 土地利用, 气候变暖, 尺度效应

Abstract:

With the rapid development of global urbanization, the further increased global warming and extreme high temperature events, urban heat island effect has also become an important environmental problem affecting human survival and development in the 21st century. Therefore, it is a hot and frontier cross-scientific issue in the study of human geography and climatology to clarify the spatio-temporal variations of urban heat island intensity and reveal the driving mechanism at multi-spatial scales. Urban geometry is regarded as a key factor affecting urban-rural and intra-urban air temperature variations, and the urban form manipulation provides an opportunity to mitigate the adverse effects on urban climate. Therefore, it is critical to understand the relationship between urban form and the UHI effect to guide future planning practice. This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the multi-scale affecting and coupling mechanism of urban spatial morphology on urban heat island intensity from three different spatial scale perspectives including street canyons microscale, urban block local scale, and urban macroscale. Based on the understanding of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of urban spatial morphology on urban heat island intensity, we will characterize the specific effects of urban spatial morphology on urban heat island intensity and construct the spatial relationship analysis model to reveal the affecting mechanism of urban spatial morphology on urban heat island intensity at different temporal and spatial scales. Our knowledge and insights will provide theoretical guidance for urban planning, livable city construction and climate change response and adaptation study.

Key words: urban heat island intensity, urban spatial morphology, land use, climate warming, scale effect

中图分类号:

P463.3

黄群芳. 城市空间形态对城市热岛效应的多尺度影响研究进展[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(10): 1832-1842.

Huang Qunfang. Effects of Urban Spatial Morphology on Urban Heat Island Effect from Multi-spatial Scales Perspectives[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(10): 1832-1842.

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