南昌市厚田沙地蔓荆灌丛沙堆的形态与沉积特征

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.11.017

地理科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 2042-2051.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2021.11.017

南昌市厚田沙地蔓荆灌丛沙堆的形态与沉积特征

李向洁¹(), 李志文¹^,²^,^*(), 杜建会³, 张慧娟¹, 詹江振¹, 杜兰¹, 孙丽¹^,², 侯楚¹

1.东华理工大学地球科学学院，江西南昌 330013
2.佛山科学技术学院环境与化学工程学院，广东佛山 528225
3.中山大学地理科学与规划学院，广东广州 510275

收稿日期:2021-03-13 修回日期:2021-07-20 出版日期:2021-11-10 发布日期:2022-01-24
通讯作者: 李志文 E-mail:1446543596@qq.com;lizw1982@163.com
作者简介:李向洁（1997-），女，河南商丘人，硕士研究生，主要从事风沙地貌研究。E-mail: 1446543596@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41201006);国家自然科学基金项目(41571007);江西省数字国土重点实验室开放基金项目(DLLJ201913);江西省研究生创新基金项目(YC2020-S483)

Morphology and Sedimentary Characteristics of Vitex Trifolia Nebkhas in the Houtian Sandy Land of Nanchang City

Li Xiangjie¹(), Li Zhiwen¹^,²^,^*(), Du Jianhui³, Zhang Huijuan¹, Zhan Jiangzhen¹, Du Lan¹, Sun Li¹^,², Hou Chu¹

1. School of Earth Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
2. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, China
3. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China

Received:2021-03-13 Revised:2021-07-20 Online:2021-11-10 Published:2022-01-24
Contact: Li Zhiwen E-mail:1446543596@qq.com;lizw1982@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41201006);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571007);Open Fund Program of Key Laboratory for Digital Land and Resources of Jiangxi Province(DLLJ201913);Graduate Student Innovation Fund Project of Jiangxi Province(YC2020-S483)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究亚热带湿润地区河湖周边发育的灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征，以南昌市厚田沙地为研究区，对其优势种蔓荆（Vitex trifolia）所形成的灌丛沙堆开展野外调查，通过对不同部位的沉积物进行采样与分析，研究沙堆形态、沉积特征及其与植被特性之间的关系。结果表明：蔓荆灌丛沙堆形态大多为盾形，水平尺度大，高度矮，坡度缓。沙堆沉积物以中沙为主，分选性较差，呈正偏和窄峰态分布，沙源来自附近平沙地和丘间地，为近源沉积。平均粒径从迎风坡底部至背风坡底部呈现为先变细后变粗的趋势，体现了灌丛沙堆的防风滞沙功能和对沙粒的重新分选作用。灌丛与沙堆的各形态参数（灌丛高度除外）均存在高度的正相关性（P＜0.01），说明各形态参数在沙堆发育过程中得以协调发展。受植被类型和区域环境的影响，与干旱-半干旱地区直立生长且分支少的灌丛形成的椭球形或圆锥形沙堆形态不同，蔓荆匍匐生长且高度较矮的形态常形成低矮且范围较大的灌丛沙堆。亚热带湿润地区风力资源不丰富及厚田沙地沙源不足使沉积物主要来源于附近平沙地与丘间地，但不同坡位沉积规律与干旱-半干旱地区相同。

关键词: 厚田沙地, 蔓荆, 灌丛沙堆, 沉积物

Abstract:

In order to explore the morphology and sedimentary characteristics of the nebkhas developed around the rivers and lakes in the subtropical humid areas, the Houtian sandy land in Nanchang was used as the research area to conduct field investigations on the nebkhas formed by the dominant species Vitex trifolia, sampling and analysis of sediments to study the morphology and sedimentary characteristics of nebkhas and their relationship with vegetation characteristics. The results show that: The Vitex trifolia nebkhas in the Houtian sandy land are mostly shield-shaped, with large horizontal scale, low height, and gentle slope. The sediments of the nebkhas are mainly medium sand, with poor sorting, a coarse skewness and narrow kurtosis distribution, sediments all originate from nearby flat sandy land and inter-dune land, which are near-source deposits. The average particle size is a tendency of finer first and then coarser from the bottom of the windward slope to the leeward slope, reflecting the wind-breaking and sand-fixing function and the re-sorting of sand particles of the nebkhas. All morphological parameters of shrubs and nebkhas have high correlations (except for the height of the shrubs) (P<0.01), indicating that the morphological parameters develop in a coordinated manner during the development of nebkhas. Due to the influence of vegetation types and regional environment, different from the ellipsoid or cone-shaped nebkhas formed by upright shrubs with few branches in arid-semi-arid areas, theVitex trifolia with creeping and low height often forms low and wide range nebkhas. The subtropical humid areas are not rich in wind resources and the sand sources in Houtian sandy land are insufficient, so the sediments are all from nearby flat sandy land and inter-dune land, but the deposition law of different slope positions is similar to the arid-semi-arid areas.

Key words: Houtian sandy land, Vitex trifolia, nebkhas, sediments

中图分类号:

P931.3

李向洁, 李志文, 杜建会, 张慧娟, 詹江振, 杜兰, 孙丽, 侯楚. 南昌市厚田沙地蔓荆灌丛沙堆的形态与沉积特征[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(11): 2042-2051.

Li Xiangjie, Li Zhiwen, Du Jianhui, Zhang Huijuan, Zhan Jiangzhen, Du Lan, Sun Li, Hou Chu. Morphology and Sedimentary Characteristics of Vitex Trifolia Nebkhas in the Houtian Sandy Land of Nanchang City[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2021, 41(11): 2042-2051.

图/表 10

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形态参数	L_d/m	W_d/m	H_d/m	L_y/m	L_b/m	S_d/m²	V_d/m³	HC/m	α/(°)	β/(°)
注：S_d为沙堆底面积，V_d为沙堆体积，HC为沙堆水平尺度，其他变量含义见图3。
最大值	16.50	15.30	2.40	10.00	7.80	110.20	60.59	14.85	26.50	35.50
最小值	2.00	1.80	0.25	0.80	1.20	1.80	0.18	1.90	4.00	5.50
平均值	8.46	7.25	1.01	4.77	3.68	35.77	15.32	7.85	10.10	15.36
标准偏差	3.47	3.40	0.51	2.20	1.55	28.69	17.07	3.35	5.60	6.47

形态参数	L_g/m	W_g/m	H_g/m	S_g/m²
注：S_g为植被覆盖面积，其他变量含义见图3。
最大值	13.50	9.50	1.00	51.30
最小值	1.20	0.80	0.10	0.48
平均值	4.95	4.68	0.37	13.60
标准偏差	1.96	2.82	0.19	12.76

研究区域	研究生境	植物种类	沙堆高度范围/m	高度均值/m	沙堆形状
厚田沙地	风沙化土地	蔓荆	0.25~2.40	1.01	盾形
乌兰布和沙漠东南缘^[24]	荒漠	白沙蒿	0.04~0.13	0.09	低矮圆锥状
策勒河下游砾质戈壁^[25]	砾质戈壁滩	沙拐枣	0.04~0.33	0.11	盾形
毛乌素沙漠^[26]	农牧交错区	油蒿	0.10~0.55	0.33	盾形、半椭球形
雷州半岛东侧海岛^[10]	海滩	老鼠艻	0.12~1.17	0.44	锥形、蝌蚪形
毛乌素沙漠^[27]	荒漠	藏锦鸡儿	0.18~0.95	0.46	半椭球体
黑河中游乌海北部^[22]	荒漠草地	白刺	0.20~2.80	1.02	球冠状沙包
塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘^[21]	绿洲-沙漠过渡带	柽柳	0.26~3.21	1.46	凸起的半椭球状
内蒙古阴山北麓^[28]	农牧交错区	小叶锦鸡儿	0.04~0.80	0.55	椭圆球冠体

	L_d	W_d	H_d	L_g	W_g	H_g	S_g	L_y	L_b	S_d	V_d
注：** 在0.01级别（双尾），相关性显著；* 在0.05级别（双尾），相关性显著；S_g为植被覆盖面积，S_d为沙堆底面积，V_d 为沙堆体积，HC 为沙堆水平尺度，其他变量含义见图3。
W_d	0.903**
H_d	0.778**	0.711**
L_g	0.801**	0.833**	0.616**
W_g	0.754**	0.912**	0.519**	0.762**
H_g	0.203	0.336	0.210	0.289	0.417*
S_g	0.737**	0.896**	0.493*	0.840**	0.957**	0.351
L_y	0.942**	0.896**	0.808**	0.747**	0.699**	0.168	0.704**
L_b	0.806**	0.678**	0.455*	0.653**	0.660**	0.398*	0.582**	0.615**
S_d	0.938**	0.956**	0.696**	0.792**	0.866**	0.237	0.881**	0.916**	0.694**
V_d	0.864**	0.847**	0.868**	0.683**	0.686**	0.138	0.716**	0.909**	0.485*	0.903**
HC	0.976**	0.975**	0.763**	0.838**	0.853**	0.276	0.836**	0.943**	0.761**	0.971**	0.877**

南昌市厚田沙地蔓荆灌丛沙堆的形态与沉积特征

Morphology and Sedimentary Characteristics of Vitex Trifolia Nebkhas in the Houtian Sandy Land of Nanchang City

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