地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 1-14.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.01.001
• • 下一篇
陈发虎1,2,3(), 夏欢3, 高玉1,2, 张东菊2,3, 杨晓燕1,2,3, 董广辉2,3
收稿日期:
2021-08-06
修回日期:
2021-10-09
出版日期:
2022-01-10
发布日期:
2022-03-21
作者简介:
陈发虎(1962-),男,陕西丹凤人,研究员,博导,中国科学院院士,主要从事环境变化和史前人类–环境相互作用研究。E-mail: fhchen@itpcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
Chen Fahu1,2,3(), Xia Huan3, Gao Yu1,2, Zhang Dongju2,3, Yang Xiaoyang1,2,3, Dong Guanghui2,3
Received:
2021-08-06
Revised:
2021-10-09
Online:
2022-01-10
Published:
2022-03-21
Supported by:
摘要:
系统梳理了近年来的考古发现与研究成果,总结出人类向青藏高原扩散直至定居的5个阶段性发展过程:古老型智人自中更新世晚期就开始了对高原的适应;现代智人于40~30 ka前已经开启了对高原腹地的探索;末次冰消期以来的气候转暖时段,细石器人群向高原大范围扩散,并在全新世早中期的活动更为频繁;粟作农业人群至少在5.2 ka前进入高原东部低海拔的河谷地带,在4.8 ka以后开始定居在高原东部3 000 m以上海拔的区域;3.5 ka以来麦作的传入和牧业经济的发展助力人群大规模定居高海拔区域。人类在向高原扩散和定居的过程中经历了漫长的生理与文化适应,但受限于当前考古发现与研究材料,史前狩猎采集、农业和牧业等人群在高原的时空分布、对高海拔环境的生理与行为适应﹑与低海拔人群和以藏族为主的现代高原人群之间的联系,以及高寒地区河谷农业和山地高原面游牧双重经济活动对高寒文明形成的支撑作用和高寒文明的普适性等问题仍需要深入研究,期待未来多学科交叉融合共同推动对这些问题的理解。
中图分类号:
陈发虎, 夏欢, 高玉, 张东菊, 杨晓燕, 董广辉. 史前人类探索、适应和定居青藏高原的历程及其阶段性讨论[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(1): 1-14.
Chen Fahu, Xia Huan, Gao Yu, Zhang Dongju, Yang Xiaoyang, Dong Guanghui. The Processes of Prehistoric Human Activities in the Tibetan Plateau: Occupation, Adaptation and Permanent Settlement[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(1): 1-14.
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