地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 83-94.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.01.008

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时空约束下的地铁可达性研究：以北京为例

王姣娥1,2(), 熊美成1,2, 黄洁1,2,*()   

  1. 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101
    2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-23 修回日期:2021-06-11 出版日期:2022-01-10 发布日期:2022-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 黄洁 E-mail:wangje@igsnrr.ac.cn;huangjie@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王姣娥（1981-），女，湖南涟源人，研究员，博导，主要从事交通地理与区域发展研究。E-mail: wangje@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42071147);中国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程项目(2019QNRC001);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021049)

Subway Accessibility Under Space-time Constraints: A Case Study of Beijing

Wang Jiaoe1,2(), Xiong Meicheng1,2, Huang Jie1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-03-23 Revised:2021-06-11 Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-03-21
  • Contact: Huang Jie E-mail:wangje@igsnrr.ac.cn;huangjie@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071147);Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(2019QNRC001);Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021049)

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摘要：

以北京市为例，基于340个站点的时刻表构建地铁组织网络，采用网络分析法和累积机会法，对比在“工作日”和“双休日”“高峰期”和“非高峰期”等时空约束下的可达性动态。研究发现：① 由于起始地空间区位特征及沿线土地利用功能结构的多样性，不同线路的时刻组织模式各异。② 基于运营组织网络的地铁可达性存在时刻上的动态变化，一日内早晚高峰可达性最优，双休日可达性略低于平时。③ 基于运营组织网络的地铁可达性与基于设施网络的可达性存在明显空间差异，且距市中心15~20 km处的站点工作日和双休日的可达性差异最大，与地铁网络结构特征有关。综上，基于时刻组织时空约束下的可达性分析有利于了解地铁系统的精细化管理，并有助于进一步剖析居民出行规律和城市空间结构。

关键词: 地铁, 时刻表, 组织网络, 累积机会法, 可达性

Abstract:

Nowadays, subway has become an important component of daily travel for most megacity residents especially in commuting. Most of existing researches mainly attach importance to spatial accessibility by subway infrastructure network, while measuring accessibility based on timetable and organizational network allows accessibility research to expand to spatial-temporal dimensionality compared with only spatial dimensionality as delicacy of urban management and rising demand of travel timing by residents, which contributes to understand the relationship among travel behavior, subway network and urban space. The paper constructs organizational network of Beijing subway based on timetables of 340 stations, then applies method of network construction and cumulative opportunity accessibility method to make analysis and comparison on accessibility dynamics at station scale on spatial-temporal constraint of weekdays, weekends, peak hours and off-peak hours. The results show significant differences compared with results of subway infrastructure network: 1) For subway lines, organizations differ in different lines due to location of stations and land use function variations along lines. 2) Subway accessibility based on organizational network changes with the time of a day, the highest of which is at peak hours, and accessibility on weekends is slightly lower than that on weekdays; 3) There are spatial differences between subway accessibility based on organizational network and infrastructure network, the highest of which is at stations with 15-20 km distance from city center on weekdays and weekends, which is caused by subway network structure. To sum up, research on spatial-temporal accessibility is conductive for understanding delicacy management of subway network, and probing into urban spatial structure as well as travel pattern of residents.

Key words: subway, timetable, organizational network, cumulative opportunity accessibility method, accessibility

中图分类号: 

  • K902