2001—2018年中亚干旱区地表水资源时空变化特征

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.01.017

地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 174-184.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.01.017

• • 上一篇

2001—2018年中亚干旱区地表水资源时空变化特征

莫贵芬¹^,²(), 冯建中³^,^*(), 白林燕², 王中美⁴, 李华林⁵, 于涛²

1.贵州省山地资源研究所，贵州贵阳 550001
2.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院数字地球重点实验室，北京 100094
3.中国农业科学院农业信息研究所，北京 100081
4.贵州大学资源与环境工程学院，贵州贵阳 550025
5.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-11-10 修回日期:2021-02-20 出版日期:2022-01-10 发布日期:2022-03-21
通讯作者: 冯建中 E-mail:291077417@qq.com;fengjianzhong@caas.cn
作者简介:莫贵芬(1994-)，女，贵州贵定人，硕士研究生，研究方向为3S技术与水资源开发利用。E-mail: 2291077417@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2019AB002);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII);中国科学院战略性A类型先导专项(XDA19030302)

Spatio-temporal Dynamic Characteristics of Surface Water Resources in Arid Regions of Central Asia From 2001 to 2018

Mo Guifen¹^,²(), Feng Jianzhong³^,^*(), Bai Linyan², Wang Zhongmei⁴, Li Hualin⁵, Yu Tao²

1. Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resource, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
2. Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
3. Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
4. College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
5. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-11-10 Revised:2021-02-20 Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-03-21
Contact: Feng Jianzhong E-mail:291077417@qq.com;fengjianzhong@caas.cn
Supported by:
China’s Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps’ Key Science and Technology Project(2019AB002);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII);Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA19030302)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于2001—2018年长时间序列地表水遥感监测数据，提取中亚五国地表水面积信息，通过动态度法、变化斜率法和相关分析法揭示中亚五国地表水面积的时空动态变化特征并对其进行驱动力分析。结果表明：① 中亚五国地表水呈“北密南疏”分布特征，中北部地表水变化明显。近18 a来，季节水面积呈显著增加趋势，增加了133.55%，而永久水呈波动减少趋势，减少了17.27%。哈萨克斯坦地表水面积占比最大且变化也最为明显，其次是乌兹别克斯坦，其余三国无较大变化。② 2001—2018年，中亚五国全区季节水动态度为7.42%，并呈快-慢-快的增长趋势，而永久水呈增长-下降-增长的演变趋势，乌兹别克斯坦地表水变化最为活跃；北部边缘及图尔盖洼地、西部里海沿岸和咸海地区永久水面积显著减少而季节水显著增加，永久水向季节水转换现象明显。③ 中亚五国增温趋势不明显，降水呈减少趋势，人口、GDP和耕地均呈增加趋势。中亚五国地表水面积变化主要受社会经济因子的影响，气候因子对地表水的影响不显著。

关键词: 中亚五国, 遥感, 地表水面积

Abstract:

Based on long-time series of surface water remote sensing monitoring data from 2001 to 2018, the information of surface water area in the five countries of Central Asia was extracted. We revealed the spatio-temporal features and driving force of their surface water area dynamics using the dynamic degree index, the slope analysis method, and correlation analysis method. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution characteristics of the surface water of the study area were “dense in the north and sparse in the south”, and the surface water had an obvious change in the central and northern areas. In the past 18 years, the area of seasonal water increasing by 133.55%, while the area of permanent water showed a fluctuating decrease by 17.27%. The largest proportional area of surface water was Kazakhstan with the most obvious changes, followed by Uzbekistan. The surface water of the other three countries had no evident change. 2) From 2001 to 2018, the dynamic degree index of seasonal water areas in five Central Asian countries was the largest value by 7.42% and showed a fast-slow-fast growth trend. In contrast, permanent water showed a growth-decline-growth evolution trend. The dynamic degree index of the surface water area of Uzbekistan was a maximum than other countries. The area of permanent water significantly decreased in the northern edge and Turgai Depression, the Caspian Sea of the western coast, and the Aral Sea, while that the area of the seasonal water significantly increased. The permanent water conversion to seasonal water was evident in those areas. 3) The increasing trend of temperature in the five Central Asian countries was not evident, while the precipitation decreased. The population, GDP, and cultivated land were increasing. The area changes of surface water of the five Central Asian countries were mainly affected by social and economic factors, while the impact of climate factors on surface water was not significant.

Key words: five countries in Central Asia, remote sensing, surface water area

中图分类号:

P933

莫贵芬, 冯建中, 白林燕, 王中美, 李华林, 于涛. 2001—2018年中亚干旱区地表水资源时空变化特征[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(1): 174-184.

Mo Guifen, Feng Jianzhong, Bai Linyan, Wang Zhongmei, Li Hualin, Yu Tao. Spatio-temporal Dynamic Characteristics of Surface Water Resources in Arid Regions of Central Asia From 2001 to 2018[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(1): 174-184.

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国家	总水动态度				永久水动态度				季节水动态度
国家	2001— 2018年	2001— 2010年	2010— 2015年	2015— 2018年	2001— 2018年	2001— 2005年	2005— 2014年	2014— 2018年	2001— 2018年	2001— 2010年	2010— 2015年	2015— 2018年
哈国	1.11	0.69	-0.67	4.25	-0.95	0.23	-2.46	1.73	6.53	6.34	0.01	8.27
吉国	0.19	0.23	-0.19	0.57	0.01	0.16	-0.15	0.18	6.86	5.77	0.10	10.22
塔国	0.74	0.97	-0.23	1.17	0.23	0.66	-0.13	0.43	2.22	2.52	0.38	2.30
土国	0.60	0.91	-0.48	1.15	-0.17	0.38	-0.33	-0.32	7.46	8.14	-0.51	8.30
乌国	-0.02	-0.24	-0.80	1.80	-2.63	-1.21	-4.65	0.92	16.35	15.19	5.74	4.11
全区	0.81	0.58	-0.62	3.11	-0.96	0.05	-2.13	0.96	7.42	7.22	0.72	7.51

国家	水类型	温度	降水	人口	GDP	耕地
注：表示通过0.05双侧显著性检验，*表示通过0.01双侧显著性检验。
哈国	季节水	0.05	-0.02	0.86**	0.54*	0.81**
哈国	永久水	0.19	0.25	-0.85**	-0.94**	-0.84**
吉国	季节水	0.23	0.16	0.89**	0.75**	0.60**
吉国	永久水	0.07	0.09	-0.15	-0.25	-0.18
塔国	季节水	0.33	-0.01	0.88**	0.73**	-0.66**
塔国	永久水	0.11	0.29	0.52*	0.27	-0.55*
土国	季节水	0.20	-0.11	0.82**	0.69**	0.71**
土国	永久水	-0.02	0.22	-0.89**	-0.84**	-0.64**
乌国	季节水	0.41	-0.04	0.85**	0.69**	-0.88**
乌国	永久水	-0.12	0.35	-0.85**	-0.85**	0.88**
中亚五国	季节水	0.15	-0.36	0.88**	0.63**	0.82**
中亚五国	永久水	0.10	0.29	-0.86**	-0.96**	-0.87**

2001—2018年中亚干旱区地表水资源时空变化特征

Spatio-temporal Dynamic Characteristics of Surface Water Resources in Arid Regions of Central Asia From 2001 to 2018

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