地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 993-1004.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.06.005
张艳林1(), 李敏1,2, 刘宇文3,4,*(
), 李佳5, 侯钰婧2
收稿日期:
2021-05-13
修回日期:
2021-10-14
出版日期:
2022-06-25
发布日期:
2022-08-23
通讯作者:
刘宇文
E-mail:zhangyanl02@163.com;770744443@qq.com
作者简介:
张艳林(1983−),男,湖南郴州人,副教授,主要从事地理信息系统开发与应用研究。E-mail: zhangyanl02@163.com
基金资助:
Zhang Yanlin1(), Li Min1,2, Liu Yuwen3,4,*(
), Li Jia5, Hou Yujing2
Received:
2021-05-13
Revised:
2021-10-14
Online:
2022-06-25
Published:
2022-08-23
Contact:
Liu Yuwen
E-mail:zhangyanl02@163.com;770744443@qq.com
Supported by:
摘要:
基于“学籍信息中的家庭地址承载了学生空间位置”这一假设,通过学籍信息收集了湖南省株洲县小学生的家庭地址,借助高德开放平台提供的地理编码和POI搜索服务,获得到了株洲县小学生的空间位置和分布,并基于最短路径分析和高斯型两步移动搜索法分析了株洲县小学教育资源的空间可达性及其特征,尝试为区域教育资源的空间均衡性分析与规划配置提供新的数据源和方法借鉴。结果表明:① 基于学籍地址和地理编码技术能够较准确地获取株洲县小学生的空间分布。② 株洲县小学生就近入学距离的最大值、平均值和中位数分别为11.83 km、2.10 km和1.81 km,就近入学距离小于2.0 km的学生仅占55.46%,为株洲县兼顾公平和效率的教育资源配置工作带来了挑战。③ 株洲县北部城镇地区因学校数量较多,平均就近入学距离较小,教育资源的空间可达性普遍较高,且空间差异小,均衡性好;而东南部的乡村地区,平均就近入学距离较大,教育资源的空间可达性普遍较低,且空间差异大。④ 基于情景分析,在不造成局地生源稳定性问题的前提下,新增3所学校后,东南部地区的平均就近入学距离和教育资源的空间可达性有很大的改善,龙潭镇和龙门镇的平均入学距离由3784 m和3520 m降低到3116 m和2636 m,教育资源的空间可达性分别由0.0492和0.0982提高到0.0762和0.1496。
中图分类号:
张艳林, 李敏, 刘宇文, 李佳, 侯钰婧. 基于学籍地址和地理编码的乡村小学教育资源空间可达性分析[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(6): 993-1004.
Zhang Yanlin, Li Min, Liu Yuwen, Li Jia, Hou Yujing. Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Primary Educational Resources Based on Student Home Address and Geocoding: A Case Study in Zhuzhou County, Hunan Province[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(6): 993-1004.
Table 1
The accuracy of collected addresses and geographic coordinates obtained by geocoding API
学籍地址精度 | 地理编码坐标精度 | |||||
精度 | 数量 | 比例/% | 精度 | 数量 | 比例/% | |
L6 | 9390 | 82.56 | L6 | 7359 | 64.70 | |
L5 | 1608 | 14.14 | L5 | 3639 | 31.99 | |
L4 | 243 | 2.14 | L4 | 243 | 2.14 | |
L3 | 133 | 1.17 | L3 | 133 | 1.17 | |
L2 | 0 | 0 | L2 | 0 | 0 | |
L1 | 0 | 0 | L1 | 0 | 0 | |
合计 | 11374 | 100.00 | 合计 | 11374 | 100.00 |
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