地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1996-2005.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.11.014
杨绪红1(), 金晓斌1(
), 杨永可2, 薛樵风1, 刘荣高3, 周寅康1
收稿日期:
2021-05-07
修回日期:
2021-12-04
发布日期:
2022-11-20
出版日期:
2022-11-30
通讯作者:
金晓斌
E-mail:yangxhnju@nju.edu.cn;jinxb@nju.edu.cn
作者简介:
杨绪红(1988− ),男,湖南湘潭人,博士,副研究员,主要从事国土空间规划、空间建模研究。E-mail: yangxhnju@nju.edu.cn
Yang Xuhong1(), Jin Xiaobin1(
), Yang Yongke2, Xue Qiaofeng1, Liu Ronggao3, Zhou Yinkang1
Received:
2021-05-07
Revised:
2021-12-04
Online:
2022-11-20
Published:
2022-11-30
Contact:
Jin Xiaobin
E-mail:yangxhnju@nju.edu.cn;jinxb@nju.edu.cn
摘要:
基于地形图、土地利用现状图提取并分析1950—2020年东北地区林地时空变化格局。结果表明:① 地形图中记载的林地信息能有效反映20世纪中期东北地区林地基本特征;研究期内林地呈先增后减态势,增幅达10.04×104 km2,同期覆盖率从34.67%增至44.97%;市域林地均呈增加态势,净增幅前5的市域均超5 000 km2。② 研究期内林地不变、增加和减少区面积分别为28.36×104 km2、15.49×104 km2和5.45×104 km2;林地不变区沿长白山、大小兴安岭呈倒U字形分布,占2020年林地面积的64.68%;林地增加区集中于辽河平原、长白山西侧、三江平原东侧、大兴安岭东西两侧;林地减少区零星分散、未呈明显集聚。③ 林地减少的流向表明,农业拓垦是东北地区林地减少的主因,侵占林地规模占林地减少量的88.18%,转化为耕地的区域主要分布在平原与山脉结合处及河谷地带;河流水体与城乡建设占用的林地基本相当,约占林地减少量的2.00%,城乡建设未对林地造成较大损坏。④ 研究期立地条件有大幅改善,林地距城镇平均距离缩减2.26 km,半数新增林地位于城镇10 km范围内;林地平均高程下降41.44 m,超半数新增林地位于高程300 m以内,林地向城镇延伸和“下山进平原”现象明显。
中图分类号:
杨绪红, 金晓斌, 杨永可, 薛樵风, 刘荣高, 周寅康. 1950—2020年东北地区林地时空变化特征分析[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(11): 1996-2005.
Yang Xuhong, Jin Xiaobin, Yang Yongke, Xue Qiaofeng, Liu Ronggao, Zhou Yinkang. Spatial and Temporal Explicit Analysis of Forestland of Northeast China in 1950-2020[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(11): 1996-2005.
表2
20世纪50年代东北地区林地面积的文献记载情况
文献来源 | 东北林地面积/104 km2 | 数据时间 | 发表年份及备注 |
注:*来源于中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所的中国自然资源数据库的中国森林资源数据库( | |||
陶炎[ | 33.16 | 1930—1935年 | 1987年,含大兴安岭 |
东北物资调查委员会研究组[ | 29.44 | 1938年 | 1948年,不含嫩江 |
中国森林资源数据库* | 24.24 | 1949年 | 20世纪80年代,不含呼伦贝尔 |
全国林业基本资料(1949—1979)① | 25.95 | 1950—1952年 | 1980年,不含呼伦贝尔 |
《中国林业年鉴(1949—1986)》[ | 17.3 | 1949年 | 1987年,不含呼伦贝尔 |
马忠良等[ | 24.79 | 1948年 | 1997年,森林覆盖率推算,不含呼伦贝尔 |
何凡能等[ | 26.54 | 1949年 | 2007年,不含呼伦贝尔 |
叶瑜等[ | 24.70 | 1940年 | 2009年,不含呼伦贝尔 |
本研究成果 | 33.81 | 1950年 | 含呼伦贝尔 |
23.50 | 1950年 | 不含呼伦贝尔 |
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