地理科学 ›› 1981, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2): 135-143.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.02.135

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国东部地区夏季风的活动

周玉孚, 徐淑英   

  1. 中国科学院地理研究所
  • 出版日期:1981-03-20 发布日期:1981-03-20

THE ACTIVITY OF SUMMER MONSOON IN THE EASTERN PART OF CHINA

Zhou Yufu, Xu Shuying   

  1. Institute of Geography, Academia Sinica
  • Online:1981-03-20 Published:1981-03-20

摘要: 关于我国夏季风的活动,早在三十年代竺可桢就开始研究;五十年代对东亚季风的进退活动又开展了比较系统的研究,指出我国季风有两次突进和一次速退;最近有人用六十年代后高空风资料分析了副热带西风的季节变化,发现副热带西风的突变性并不明显。本文利用最近十几年(1967—1979年)高低空气象资料,分析了夏季风活动的几种型式,由此得出一些简易的季风进退指标,在参考文献的基础上确定了三十年来夏季风盛行到达华中和华北以及开始撤退的日期。最后探讨了夏季风活动不同时段的天气气候特征。这些结果对进一步了解季风活动与早涝的关系,并对季风的长期预报有一定参考价值。

Abstract: It is shown that the summer monsoon activity is not only associated with the movement of polar front and the west Pacific subtropical high but also closely related to the 100mb Tibetan high.The east-west or the north-south oscillation of Tibetan high will also influence the drought or floods of China.So that the above three factors are selected as the indexes to determine the date of onset and retreat of summer monsoon during recent thirty years(1951—1979). It is also found that the process of onset and retreat of summer monsoon has three basic patterns.The stepwise advancing pattern,the north-south oscillation pattern and the slow or stagnant pattern.But these patterns are always interalternated and their interannual variation is quite different.