关键词: 专利, 跨城市边界, 合作创新, 辐射距离

Abstract:

Based on the cross-city cooperation-patent application data, intensive research has been carried on the cross-region innovation cooperation in China（excluding Hong Kong, Marco and Taiwan）. A new concept, innovation radiation distance, is raised and the corresponding calculation method is also introduced and applied on the selected samples to find out the radiation distances for each city and each industry. The results show that the innovation radiation distance has a negative correlation relationship with the geographic distance and no apparent evidence of positive impact from the information flow amount can be identified either. Nevertheless, the radiation transmission is not universal to all directions and some areas on the radiation periphery feel feeble impact. Moreover, different industries cannot be described by an overall radiation distance rule. The outcomes can be summarized as below:1)The innovation radiation distance does not grow proportionally with the patent amount. For instance, some cities, like Shenzhen and Chongqing, tend to find partners far away, though their cooperation-patent is relatively small. However, some other candidates say Shanghai and Hangzhou, are vice versus.2) The innovation radiation distance cannot be determined by the information flow alone. Some cities show greater incentives of cross-city innovation cooperation through frequent exchange and propagation of technology and knowledge, while other cities display a prominent regional confinement in information communication, which implies a huge potential for further improvement.3) Through the study of innovation radiation distance and range in eight factors on the selected sample, the article find out that Beijing has a profound radiation effect over the whole country, which is unparalleled for other competitors, though the equality of radiation should be attached more attention by putting more weight to the western region. Three cities, Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou, constrain themselves to the pan-Changjiang River delta region and show infinitesimal impact on other regions. By contrast, Xi′an, Chongqing, Chengdu, Wuhan and Changsha have the tendency of cooperation with eastern developed region. More collaboration with the under-developed regions should be encouraged.4) The study in four sectors, electronic engineering, instrumentation industry, chemical industry, and mechanical engineering shows that the innovation radiation distance is not proportional to the cross-border collaborative patent application amounts. The electronic engineering industry in Chongqing, instrument manufacture in Shenzhen and mechanical engineering industry in Xiamen, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Beijing and Changsha tend to plunge into long-distance cross-border cooperation though the collaboration in patent application is insufficient.

Key words: patent, across city boundary, cooperation innovation, radiation distance