地理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 957-964.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.08.957

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基于GIS-Markov区域生态安全时空演变研究——以大连市甘井子区为例

王耕1,2(), 王嘉丽2, 龚丽妍2, 苏柏灵2, 刘秋波2   

  1. 1辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展中心,辽宁 大连 116029
    2辽宁师范大学城市 关 键 词:生态安全;GIS-Markov;时空演变;大连甘井子区
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-12 修回日期:2013-04-06 出版日期:2013-08-20 发布日期:2013-08-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:王 耕(1973-),女,辽宁沈阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事生态安全与环境风险评价研究。E-mail: lnnu_wg@hotmail.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(40801209)资助

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Regional Eco-security Based on GIS-Markov Model—A Case Study of Ganjingzi District in Dalian, Liaoning Province

GENG WANG1,2(), Li-yan WANG2, Jia-li GONG2, Bai-ling SU2, Qiu-bo LIU2   

  1. 1.Center for Studies of Maine Economy and Sustainable Development of Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029,China;
    2. Urban and Environmental School of Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029,China
  • Received:2012-09-12 Revised:2013-04-06 Online:2013-08-20 Published:2013-08-20

摘要:

以大连市甘井子区为例,基于压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)框架构建区域生态安全评价体系,利用研究区1990 年、2000 年和2009 年3 期TM遥感影像数据,在GIS 格网技术下量化多源数据,创建区域生态安全格网数据库, 采用加权综合评价方法进行生态安全状态评价。以评价结果为基础,构建区域生态安全GIS-Markov 模型,通过 计算区域生态安全状态转移矩阵,揭示区域生态安全时空演变特点。研究结果表明:① 1990~2009 年甘井子区 各街道生态安全指数逐年增加,其中1990~2000 年生态安全变化较大的地区集中于甘井子北部和中部,西部和 南部地区生态安全变化较小;2000~2009 年除泉水街道与南关岭街道外,其他地区生态安全状况均大幅好转。 ② 区域背景在生态安全空间演变趋同过程中起着重要的作用。甘井子区生态安全演变的可能性受邻域的影 响,安全等级较高的邻域对生态安全等级转移起到正面作用,而安全等级较低的邻域则产生负向影响。1990~ 2000 年,甘井子区生态安全状态受较高安全等级邻域的影响,安全状态好转的面积较大,营城子街道北部及革 镇堡街道西部的农村地区受较低安全等级邻域的影响,安全状态变差。2000~2009 年,甘井子区生态安全总体 向好的方面转变,受邻域的影响较小,只有泉水街道及营城子街道与红旗街道交界处受不安全邻域影响,其生态 安全状况转差。

关键词: 生态安全, GIS-Markov, 时空演变, 大连甘井子区

Abstract:

In this article, Ganjingzi District of Dalian City in Liaoning Province was taken as an example. According to the pressure-state-response (P-S-R) model, regional eco-security evaluation model for Ganjingzi District was established. Based on the three period’s data of TM remote sensing images in 1990, 2000 and 2009 and the multi-source data quantified by GIS Grid, the database of the regional eco-security evaluation was constructed. Eco-security status of Ganjingzi District was assessed by comprehensive evaluation method. Meanwhile, according to the evaluation results, GIS-Markov model of the eco-security was built, and the rules of eco-security spatial-temporal evolution were studied by calculating transition matrix of regional ecological security state. The results showed as follows: 1) The eco-security index in Ganjingzi District had gradually improved from 1990 to 2009. The eco-security index of north and the central regions in Ganjingzi District changed largely from 1990 to 2000, and small change of ecological security occurred on the south and west regions. Except for the regions of Quanshui Street and Nanguanling Street, the eco-security conditions in Ganjingzi District had a significant improvement from 2000 to 2009; 2) Regional background played an important role in convergence process of the eco-security evolution. The possibility of the eco-security evolution in Ganjingzi District had been affected by its adjacent region. The adjacent region of higher level played a positive role in grade transition of eco-security, and the lower levels had a negative impact. The eco-security status in Ganjingzi District was affected by the adjacent region of higher level, and the areas of improvement increased from 1990 to 2000. During these yeas, the northern rural area in the region of Yingchengzi Street and western region of Gezhenpu Street were affected by lower level neighborhood, and its security status became worse. Except for the region of Quanshui Street and the junction of Yingchengzi Street and Hongqi Street, the eco-security had suffered deterioration by the impact of unsafe adjacent regions. From 2000 to 2009, the eco-security in Ganjingzi District was beginning to change and was less affected by the adjacent regions. GIS-Markov model provided the research ideas and methods in establishing the spatial-temporal evolution of regional eco-security. Moreover, the results could provide a scientific basis for regional development, ecological risk assessment and early warning in Ganjingzi District in the future.

Key words: eco-security, GIS-Markov, spatial-temporal evolution, Ganjingzi District in Dalian

中图分类号: 

  • X826