关键词: 能源补贴, 价差法, 投入产出法, 化石能源补贴

Abstract:

Fossil-fuel subsidies result in excessive and wasteful energy consumption through energy price distortions. Once the policy is not targeted, the injustice of regional distribution will be exacerbated. However, few literatures discuss the effects of fossil energy subsidies at the regional level. Since energy subsidy reform directly affects energy prices, it has an important impact on economic development and is likely to have a negative effect and expand regional economic development imbalance. Therefore, it is necessary to study the spatial distribution of China's regional energy subsidies and its relationship with regional energy conservation and emission reduction, in order to formulate regional energy conservation and emission reduction policies fairly and effectively. This article estimates the subsidy from 2006 to 2015 in China (Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are excluded), adopting the price-gap approach, and uses the interregional input-output model to measure the change of the living cost of residents in different regions under the background of canceling energy subsidy. The input-output analysis of this paper is based on the 2007 China Inter-regional Input-Output Table and merges the eastern region, the Beijing-Tianjin region, the northern coastal region, the eastern coastal region and the southern coastal region into the eastern region; the central region is the central region of this paper; the western region is formed by the combination of the southwest region and the northwest region. Results are as flows: 1) Spatial inequality is obvious for energy subsidies, which decrease gradually from the eastern region (2.72 trillion yuan), the middle region (1.80 trillion yuan), to the western region (1.53 trillion yuan). From the analysis of global and local Moran index I, there is a significant "club" distribution of provincial energy subsidies. 2) It has great significance for the achievement of national energy conservation target during the Eleventh Five-Year period, the average emission reduction rate of energy subsidies was 4.14% and the energy intensity would decrease by 22.36% rather than 19.10%. In the emission reduction rate on the eastern region > western region> the central region, while the energy-saving rate was on the western region> eastern region> the central region and removing energy subsidies contribute least to the energy conservation of the middle region. 3) The total cost of living in rural areas and urban residents rose 7.44% and 6.81%, the total cost of living in rural areas and urban residents rose 3.99% and 3.19%, the eastern part of the total cost of living in rural areas and urban residents were up 3.94% and 3.16%, respectively, among which the residents of the central region are facing the greatest impact, especially the rural residents. In the process of fossil energy subsidies reform, the government needs to consider regional energy saving and regional differences, priority in the eastern region and the western region to promote energy subsidies reform, and then gradually implemented to the central region, and to increase the central and western regions, especially rural residents, which support efforts to offset the risk of further widening the gap between rich and poor.

Key words: energy subsidy, price-gap method, input output analysis method, fossil-fuel subsidy