地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 1181-1190.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.07.015

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丹霞山长老峰国家重点保护野生植物丹霞梧桐数据采集与空间分布研究

欧阳杰1,2(), 庄长伟3, 罗晓莹4, 乔雁2, 段一男2, 郑穗芳2, 陈再雄5   

  1. 1. 广东开放大学文化传播与设计学院，广东 广州 510091
    2. 广东理工职业学院，广东 广州 510091
    3. 广东省环境科学研究院，广东 广州 510045
    4. 韶关学院旅游与地理学院，广东 韶关 512005
    5. 韶关市丹霞山旅游投资经营有限公司，广东 韶关 512300
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-16 出版日期:2020-07-10 发布日期:2020-12-07
  • 作者简介:欧阳杰（1969−），男，安徽蚌埠人，博士，副教授，主要从事丹霞地貌与珍稀植物、无人机航测、会展旅游等方面的研究。E-mail： 910432328@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41601616）、科技部基础性工作专项重点项目（2013FY111900）、广东大学生科技创新培育专项资金（pdjh2019b0735）、广东开放大学丹霞地貌珍稀植物科研团队（kytd1703）、创新强校项目(2018LGCQ06-02)及校重点项目（ZD1904）资助

Data Collection and Visualization of Firmiana Danxiaensis H. H. Hsue & H. S. Kiu in the Zhanglao Peak, Danxia Mountain, Guangdong Province, China

Ouyang Jie1,2(), Zhuang Changwei3, Luo Xiaoying4, Qiao Yan2, Duan Yi'nan2, Zheng Suifang2, Chen Zaixiong5   

  1. 1. The Open University of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
    2. Guangdong Polytechnic Institute, Guangzhou 510091, Guangdong, China
    3. Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, Guangdong, China
    4. Institute of Tourism and Geography, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, Guangdong, China
    5. The Limited Company of Danxiashan Tourism Investment Management, Shaoguan, 512300, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2020-02-16 Online:2020-07-10 Published:2020-12-07
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China (41601616), The Special Program For Key Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013FY111900), the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’ Scientific and Technological Innovation (the “Climbing Program” Special Funds) (pdjh2019b0735), Science and Research Team of Rare Plant in Danxia Landforms of the Open University of Guangdong (kytd1703), the Project of Innovate and Strength College (2018LGCQ06-02) and the Key Project (ZD1904).

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摘要：

使用固定翼无人机航测丹霞山核心区长老峰游览区（航测区面积4.25 km2）获得高精度影像数据638张，用Photoscan软件拼接正射影像地图及DEM数据生产。在ArcGIS10.5软件中将正射影像图批量分割成470幅图（长和宽为100 m×100 m，比例尺为1︰1 000），在分割后的地图上目测识别并定位珍稀物种丹霞梧桐（Firmiana danxiaensis H. H. Hsue & H. S. Kiu），共获取航测区内1 515株丹霞梧桐及其位置数据，构建地理数据库。利用ArcGIS10.5的空间分析模块，将DEM数据转换成坡度和坡向数据，叠加1 515株丹霞梧桐点位置数据与DEM数据、坡度和坡向数据后进行可视化定量分析。结果显示：航测区内有71.2%的丹霞梧桐（1078株）分布在海拔210±90 m的范围内。有68.3%（1033株）的丹霞梧桐分布在坡度>15°的丹霞崖壁地带，与实地观察的事实相吻合。虽然，在航测区长老峰的各个坡向上都可以实地观察丹霞梧桐的分布，但定量统计表明，在南东（295株）、南（276株）、南西（244株）3个坡向上分布相对集中，占总数的53.8%（815株），这也与实地观察到的丹霞梧桐属于喜光照的向阳植物一致。小区域范围内珍稀物种的数据采集与空间分析，是珍稀物种保护的重要基础工作，还可以为较大区域范围内丹霞梧桐生态保护红线更准确的落地提供参考和依据。

关键词: 无人机数据采集, 丹霞梧桐, 丹霞地貌, 丹霞山长老峰

Abstract:

638 high-precision image data were obtained from the Zhanglaofeng Tourist Area (4.25 km2) in the core area of the Danxia Mountain by fixed-wing UAV aerial survey. Photoscan software was used to joint Orthphoto Map and produce DEM data. The orthophoto map of aerial survey area was segemented 470 maps in the ArcGIS 10.5 software, and Firmiana danxiaensis H. H. Hsue & H. S. Kiu was identified and located visually. The position data of 1515 Firmiana danxiaensis in aerial survey area were obtained, and their points were built GeoDatabase. Using the spatial analysis module of ArcGIS 10.5, the DEM data were converted into slope and aspect data. The location data of 1515 individuals of Firmiana danxiaensis were superimposed with DEM data, slope and aspect data, and quantitative analysed their characteristics visually. The main conclusions are as follows: 71.2% of Firmiana danxiaensis (1078 plants) in the aerial survey area are distributed within the Firmiana danxiaensis Altitude Line" of the Zhangfeng Peak at an altitude of 210± 90 m. 68.3% (1034 trees) of Firmiana danxiaensis are distributed in the cliff zone of Danxia with slope > 15°, which is consistent with the observation on the spot. Although the distribution of Firmiana danxiaensis is found on all the slopes of the Zhanglao Peak in aerial survey area, the quantitative statistics show that the distribution of Firmiana danxiaensis is relatively concentrated on the three slopes of southeast (295), south (276) and southwest (244), accounting for about 53.8% (815) in the total, which also consistent with the observation that Firmiana danxiaensis belonging to the sunny plants. This study not only quantitatively analyzed the micro-geomorphological environment (elevation, slope, aspect) characteristics of the spatial distribution of the rare species of Firmiana danxiaensis in the Zhanglao Peak of the Danxia Mountain in aerial survey area, but also provided the spatial distribution map of Firmiana danxiaensis at different elevations, slopes and aspects. Data collection and spatial analysis of rare species in the small area are important basis for protection. They can also provide reference and basis for more accurate landing of Firmiana danxiaensis ecological red line.

Key words: UVA (unmanned aerial vehicle) data collection, Firmiana danxiaensis, Danxia landforms, Zhanglao Peak of the Danxia Mountain

中图分类号: 

  • Q948.2