以贵州省普定县后寨河流域为例,设计1个分单元计算产流和引入落水洞计算汇流过程的半分布式水文模型,先采用不同计算方法分单元模拟产流,后引入落水洞,计算落水洞的汇流路径,在单元区间和落水洞注入汇流中采用水箱模型和在地下管道和河道汇流中引入Nash瞬时单位线进行汇流演算,利用1988、1989年的资料对该模型进行参数率定和检验。结果表明:该模型在后寨河流域有良好的适用性,流量总量上趋于平衡,径流趋势一致,对洪峰、洪量控制较好。
Taken the Houzhai River karst basin in Puding County, Guizhou Province as an example, a karst sinkhole-based semi-distributed hydrological model is established, which includes two part: watershed runoff yield calculation and concentration calculation. The authors adopt different runoff yield calculation models to calculate every grid's runoff yield. In concentration calculation, we firstly analyze the confluence routing of the sinkhole, the water injection into the underground pipeline through sinkhole using single tank model, and other parts of confluence using the two-layer tank model. The concentration of channel and underground pipeline is expressed with instantaneous unit hydrograph.To test the model, the authors choose two-year precipitation processes between 1988 and 1989. After comparing the simulated process with the observed data, we can draw a conclusion that the proposed semi-distributed hydrological model in this paper is reasonable for simulating rainfall-runoff process.
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