上海世博会中国国内旅游者空间行为研究
作者简介:吕 丽(1985-),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士,主要从事旅游管理和旅游地理研究。E-mail:fylvli86@126.com
收稿日期: 2011-05-24
要求修回日期: 2011-10-18
网络出版日期: 2012-02-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(40771059)资助
Spatial Behavior of Chinese Domestic Tourists of Shanghai World Expo
Received date: 2011-05-24
Request revised date: 2011-10-18
Online published: 2012-02-20
Copyright
通过实地问卷调查方法获取旅游者行为数据,运用空间使用曲线、客源吸引半径、游憩活动空间等方法,阐述了重大事件型目的地——上海世博会国内旅游者的客源地空间分布、游憩活动空间、空间行为模式等。结果显示,上海世博会国内客源市场空间分布广泛,距离衰减现象明显,空间使用曲线是Boltzman型和基本型的复合,世博会的引力场半径为1 400 km;基于旅游目的地,世博会旅游者的旅游行为具有明确的世博会目的地指向性,旅游者在上海市域内的主要目的地是世博会,向长三角城市扩散基本上以苏州、杭州为中心向外呈同心圆衰减,游憩活动空间不连续;世博会旅游者空间行为模式以直游式、直游—周游式为主,旅游者个体属性不同,空间行为模式有一定差异。
吕丽 , 曾琪洁 , 陆林 . 上海世博会中国国内旅游者空间行为研究[J]. 地理科学, 2012 , 32(2) : 186 -192 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.02.186
Tourists′ spatial behavior is one of the most important research fields of human geography. Studies have focused on the tourists′spatial behavior of scenic spots and urban destinations, but few about event tourists′ spatial behavior. This paper studies the domestic tourists′ spatial behavior characteristics of 2010 Shanghai World Expo, which belongs to the mega-event destination. Through the on-the-spot survey to obtain tourists′ behavior data, the paper expounds recreational activity space based on tourist origins, tourism destinations and spatial behavior patterns of domestic tourists of Shanghai World Expo, utilizing methods such as spatial use curve, attraction radius and isotourist line. Firstly, it is found that tourist origins are widely distributed in the space, the Yangtze River Delta is the major tourists source markets. Shanghai World Expo domestic tourists′ distance decay is obvious with a certain degree of volatility. Spatial distance of the peak tourists flow is at 300 km from Shanghai, with the increase of spatial distance, the proportion of tourists swiftly increases within 300 km from Shanghai, while the proportion of tourists gradually decreases outside 300 km, and its spatial use curve is complex, which is the compound Boltzman type and basic type. Population scale, economic level and spatial distance are the main factors impacting the spatial distribution of domestic tourists. The attraction radius of World Expo is 1 400 km. Secondly, in view of tourism destinations, Shanghai Expo tourists′behavior has a clear destination point to the World Expo. Shanghai World Expo is the main destination selected by tourists in Shanghai City, fewer tourists choose to go to other scenic spots. The secondary destinations of Shanghai World Expo tourists are located in the Yangtze River Delta, and are conscentrated on Suzhou and Hangzhou. Those tourists′recreational activity space is discontinuous, which is attenuated outward concentrically as Suzhou and Hangzhou for centers. Thirdly, Direct Route pattern and Partial Orbit pattern are the main spatial behavior patterns of World Expo tourists. Tourists′ spatial behavior is influenced by their individual characteristics.
Table 1 Characteristics of tourists’ individual properties表1 旅游者个体属性特征 |
个体属性 | 细分类别 | 有效百分比 (%) | 个体属性 | 细分类别 | 有效百分比 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 男 | 53.3 | 文化程度 | 小学以下 | 0.3 |
女 | 46.7 | 小学 | 0.8 | ||
年龄 | 14岁以下 | 1.8 | 初中 | 7.9 | |
15~24岁 | 33.5 | 中专及高中 | 18.6 | ||
25~44岁 | 52.6 | 大专 | 28.7 | ||
45~64岁 | 11.2 | 大学本科及以上 | 43.7 | ||
65岁及以上 | 0.9 | 个人月平均收入 | 999元以下 | 23.2 | |
职业 | 政府工作人员 | 11.0 | 1000~2499元 | 27.7 | |
专业技术人员 | 19.7 | 2500~4999元 | 32.9 | ||
职员 | 17.8 | 5000~9999元 | 11.0 | ||
技工/工人 | 4.6 | 10000~14999元 | 2.4 | ||
商贸人员 | 8.2 | 15000元以上 | 2.8 | ||
服务员/推销员 | 2.1 | 来上海的次数 | 1次 | 30.0 | |
退休人员 | 1.4 | 2次 | 16.8 | ||
家庭妇女 | 2.1 | 3次 | 6.3 | ||
军人 | 0.2 | 3次以上 | 31.6 | ||
学生 | 22.0 | 居住在上海 | 15.3 | ||
其他 | 10.9 | 携带小孩 | 18岁及以上孩子 | 5.7 | |
旅行方式 | 旅行社组织 | 44.5 | 18岁以下孩子 | 23.0 | |
非旅行社组织 | 55.5 | 未携带孩子 | 71.3 |
注:旅游者个体属性特征的部分分类标准参照中国国内旅游抽样调查资料的分类标准。 |
Fig. 1 Spatial distribution of domestic tourist flows of Shanghai World Expo图1 上海世博会国内旅游客源市场空间分布 |
Fig. 2 Spatial use curve of domestic tourist flows of World Expo图2 世博会旅游客流空间使用曲线 |
Fig. 3 Recreational activity space with the Yangtze River Delta as a destination图3 长三角区域作为目的地的游憩活动空间 |
Table 3 Tourists′ spatial bahavior of Shanghai World Expo, Huanshan Mountain and Sanya City (%)表3 世博会、黄山、三亚市旅游者空间行为差异比较(%) |
旅游地 | 直游式 | 直游—周游式 | 周游式 | 飞行/驾驶式 |
---|---|---|---|---|
世博会 | 45.1 | 28.8 | 18.1 | 8.0 |
黄山 | 53.2 | 19.0 | 27.8 | – |
三亚市 | – | – | 23.9 | 76.1 |
注:黄山和三亚市资料分别来源于参考文献[15]和[21]。 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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