以苏州昆山市为典型区,测定该地区小麦植株根、茎、叶、籽粒及对应点位土壤中Hg、As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd这8种重金属含量,探究长江三角洲地区小麦植株各器官重金属的吸收状况及其关联分析。结果显示,小麦根对各种重金属的吸收能力最强,各器官以及小麦全植株对Cd的吸收系数最大而对Cr的最小;小麦籽粒重金属含量与根、茎、叶中重金属含量存在一定的相关性,但没有确定的规律;Hg、Zn、Cd这3种重金属的潜在生态风险都达到中等以上级别,8种重金属的综合潜在生态风险达到较高级别。
Rapid economic development and increased human activities of Changjiang River Delta made a strong influence on the ecological environment.Taking Kunshan of Suzhou City for example, this study was conducted to search for the heavy metal accumulation in soil and bioaccumulation of wheat in Changjiang River Delta, which will provide a theoretical guidance for economy development and pollution control.The heavy metal in the organs of root, stem, leaf and grain of wheat were studied.In each organ, the eight kinds of heavy metals were examined:Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and the absorption of heavy metals in different organs were analyzed.The results indicated that the root had the greatest accumulating capability; the absorption of Cd was the maximal while that of Cr was the minimal in each organ.Meanwhile, an analysis on correlations showed there is correlation between content of heavy metal in grain and that in the other organs of wheat, but have no certain rule.This indicates the complexity of outer contaminants and reactions in plant.By the evaluation on the potential risks of heavy metals in wheat, the potential risks of Hg, Zn and Cd have been above moderate levels.Moreover, the potential risk of eight kinds of heavy metals reached a higher level, based on which the author proposed to control heavy metal emissions of this area.
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