由黑龙江、松花江、乌苏里江及兴凯湖冲积而成的三江平原,沼泽和草甸发育[6]。多年来,通过沼泽疏干,建立起农场,使这里已发展成为我国重要的商品粮基地。当前,围绕开挖别拉洪河移道工程、疏干沼泽、从而扩大耕地面积的作法,尚持有不同意见[4]。因此,通过对黑龙江省博物馆于凤阁等同志1978年从移道工程中所采到的植物化石和孢粉样品的研究,将有助于了解该地历史植被,恢复当时的自然环境,进而为三江平原的利用提供参考。
This paper is based on the macrofossil plants of Larix gmelini Rupr.and L.olgensis Henry and abundant pollen,spores,and green algae of 2 peat samples obtained from digging a irrigating canal at Chuangye farm(6.5m and 3.5m deep below the surface)in Sanjiang plain.About 36000 years ago Sanjiang plain was covered by cold-temperature needleleaf deciduous forest,prodominant of Larix spp,, Betula,herb and green algae.The climate of Sanjiang plain was rather humid and cold,with an annual mean precipitation higher than that of the present. The lakes and marshes were developed.According to the information of macrofossil and palynoflora,we hold that in the last-glacial,Larix,Abies,Picea,Betula forests became predominant in the Sanjiang plain.Therefore,the development of marshes in Sanjiang plain has been rapid since late Pleistocene.
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