苏南太湖地区范围包括苏州、无锡、常州三市及江阴、沙州、常熟、太仓、昆山、无锡、吴江、吴县、武进、宜兴等十县。土地总面积1.5万平方公里,人口约1100万人。本区靠近沪宁杭等特大城市,自然、经济条件优越,水陆交通发达,工农业生产发展迅速。随着城市规模的扩大,小城镇的发展,非农业用地不断增加,激化了这一地区人口和土地之间的矛盾。由于城市人口密集,工业布局不合理,交通拥挤,环境质量明显下降,城市生态条件日趋恶化。因此,总结城市发展中的生态问题,预测今后城市发展中可能出现的生态变化显得十分重要。本文结合近年来在苏锡常三市及其周围典型城镇的调查,探讨有关城市的一些生态问题及其解决途径。

Well known as a heavenly endowed place,the Taihu Lake area is dense inpopulation,widely spread over with mediumand smallsized towns,prosperous ineconomy and Convenient in communications and transport.Since liberation,therehas been a rapid development both in urban economy (industry in particular) andin urban construction.However,due to the inadequate understanding of ecological environment in parallel with the growing development in economy,quitea number of problems pertinent to ecology came into question,such as unsuitablestructure of land use,imbalance of water supply and demand,seriousness of environment pollution,subsidence of ground surface and deterioration of human health.These questions,if handled with indifference,will possibly lead to an imbalancein urban ecology and even to a trend from bad to worse.To make a good job of the researches in urban ecology around the TaihuLake region,the three following points are here proposed.1.To rationally make an overall arrangement of cities and towns from theviewpoint of regional ecological equilibrium;2.To properly solve the problems about dividing of regions according tourban functions from the requirements of human living conditions;3.To alter the urban economic framework and its developing trend fromthe angles of material circulation and energy exchange.