以抚顺煤矿为例,采用复垦还田与排矸相结合,复垦高质量农田,既可减少占用土地面积,又能在塌陷地复垦还田;同时也将剥离矸石等固体废物掩埋,防止环境污染,有利于保护环境,具有较大经济效益、社会效益和环境效益,为东北区乃至全国类似矿区塌陷地复垦还田生态重建提供示范。

For recent years reclamation technique has been rationally employed in collapse sites, Fushun coal mine. Collapse sites that had lost original land function were refilled with coal gaugue, then covered with soil, making them cropland. After reclamation, soil nutriton was gradually rising, physical features and struction of the soil were thus formed, and even improved. Heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, As) in the tap soil were decreasing with weathering and leaching. Nutrient elements (N, P, K) have been obviously accumulated in the top soil, their contents have reached to "National standard of land reclamation technique in China". At the same time, such solid waste as coal gangue was buried in the underground, which can play a role in controlling and preventing environmental pollution. It is very useful for obtaining economic, social and ecological benefits. The model for reclamation and ecological restoration in the collapse sites in Fushun coal mine proposed in the paper sets a good example for other mine areas in northeast region, even whole China.