太阳直接辐射是太阳辐射中最重要的组成部分,在许多领域中,人们不仅要求知道太阳辐射在全波段的积分辐照度,而且往往需要了解它们的光谱分布及其随时间、空间和随气象条件的变化规律。有关这方面的测量工作,我国开展得不多,只有一些地区的短时段观测资料[1-2]。本文第一次获得了北京地区全年的系统观测结果,从而有可能对太阳直接辐射分光能量的基本特性及其和气象条件的关系作出系统的研究。
By means of thermoelectric Actinometer mounted with eight coloured glass filters, the spectral irradiance of the solar direct radiation were measured in Beijing during 1977-1978 and 1983-1984. Based on 1423 series of data obtained from the observations, the effect of the solar elevation, observation time and seasons as well as aerosol and water vapor on the spectral irradiance are analysed. The observation results were also compared with that obtained in the Qingzang Plateau. Finally, the cmpirical formulas which have been proposed by the author for estimating ultraviolet and visible direct radiation are examined by using all observation data. The result is very satisfactory.
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