首次报道孢粉地理学的研究方法,包括花粉类型的精确描述、确定各类型花粉的系统演化关系、花粉类型地理分布的统计分析、花粉类型的分布式样。根据这些方面的研究,可以解决植物的分布中心、次生分布中心、起源地点和迁移路线。介绍孢粉地理学的研究方法,旨在推广使用。

In the present paper general method of Palyno-Geography is first reported according to the principle of the unity between the phylogeny and distribution of pollen types in plants. The family Polygonaceae is one of the core (or key) groups for studying the Palyno-Geography. It is an important taxon for the botanists owing to its strong differentiation of grass and pollen morphological characters. The general method of Palyno-Geography is divided into the following four parts: (1) accurate description of pollen types, (2) definition of phylogeny of pollen types, (3) statistics of geographical distribution of pollen types, (4) distribution pattern of pollen types. According to all these research results, some problems are solved on the centre of distribution regions, the centre of secondary distribution regions, the centre of development, the area of origin, migration route. The centre of distribution regions is determined by the following two principles: a. a large number of pollen types of a taxon concentrate in a district, namely the centre of the majority; b. pollen types of a district can reflect the main stages of the systematic evolution of a taxon in pollen. The area of origin is determined by the following two principles: a. the centre of distribution regions; b. the primitive pollen types have mostly distributed in the region. The distribution patterns of each pollen type are able to be recognized after analyzing the geographical distribution of the plants of each pollen type. The migration routes may be recognized on the basis of the distribution patterns of each pollen type and the analyses of the origin area. On the basis of the geographical distribution of 110 taxa of 28 pollen types of 14 genera in Polygonaceae of China, Southwest China is considered as the orgin area and the development centre of Polygonaceae except the tribe Atraphaxideae; Kazakstan is considered as the distribution centre and origin centre of the genus Atraphaxis. According to the study on Palyno-Geography of Polygonaceae, six migration routes may be recognized.