自然商品化中的物质实践和话语建构——以困鹿山普洱茶为例
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陶伟(1971-),女,河南平顶山人,博士,教授,博导,主要从事城市形态理论与方法、社会文化地理学、城市旅游与遗产保护研究。E-mail: 748954219@qq.com |
收稿日期: 2021-03-12
修回日期: 2021-11-19
网络出版日期: 2022-12-20
基金资助
国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA161)
版权
Material Practice and Discourse Construction in Commercialization of Nature: A Case Study of the Pu’er Tea in Kunlushan Village
Received date: 2021-03-12
Revised date: 2021-11-19
Online published: 2022-12-20
Supported by
Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(18ZDA161)
Copyright
以云南省宁洱县困鹿山村为案例地,基于“自然的社会建构”理论视角,从当地普洱茶的商品化行动者网络中审视人类与非人类、社会与自然的互动过程和复杂关系。研究发现,在普洱茶商品化的时空过程中,不同的人类主体围绕普洱茶展开了一系列社会实践,赋予了其丰富的经济价值和文化意义;与此同时,普洱茶见证了困鹿山村的乡村重构,村落的物质形态和村民的生产生活方式因普洱茶发生了重大转变,其商品化进程已经深深嵌入到地方的发展中。通过剖析普洱茶在困鹿山村重构的核心作用,自然要素的能动性和参与社会实践的方式与过程,进而呼吁从自然与社会的互动视角重新理解中国新时期乡村发展的进程和动力机制。
陶伟 , 李晓璇 , 蔡浩辉 . 自然商品化中的物质实践和话语建构——以困鹿山普洱茶为例[J]. 地理科学, 2022 , 42(12) : 2150 -2159 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.011
Agriculture, a productive activity that human beings utilized natural elements, is regarded as the foundational interaction between Human and Nature. Recently, agricultural products with distinctive characteristics have gradually been favored by consumers, which attracts the attention of geographers and other scholars. It is of great significance to research the spatio-temporal process of their commoditization from its history to the present and its production to consumption. Also, it is worth unraveling how different actants, including humans and nonhumans, perform their agencies, particularly, under the context of Rural Revitalization and Rural-Urban Integration in China. Following the theory of ‘social construction of nature’, this research re-examines the interactive practices and complex relationship by unraveling the actor-network of the Pu’er Tea’s commoditization in Kunlushan Village, Ning’er County, Yunnan Province. This theory emphasizes the agency of nonhuman subjects who can greatly influence human society. In August 2019 and April 2021, we conducted investigations of the Pu’er Tea’s growing, making and consuming by interviewing different social actants and participant observation. It is found that the Pu’er Tea’s commoditization and Kunlushan Village’s reconstruction have been interwoven. First, different human actors have taken various actions around the Pu’er Tea to develop its economic values and cultural meanings during the spatial-temporal process of its commoditization. But on the other hand, it is the Pu’er Tea that helps connect different human actants and make various social interactions possible. For example, the local governments enforced various policies to reconstruct and reinforce the economic and cultural values of the Pu’er Tea, while cultural elites made their efforts to protect the ancient tea forest and introduce the tea culture. For villagers in Kunlushan, they built close relationships with tea merchants who helped them sell the Pu’er Tea to consumers in urban areas, but their livelihood became more reliant on it instead on traditional farming. The Pu’er Tea also witnesses the rural reconstruction of Kunlushan, where there have been lots of great changes in the village’s material forms and peasants’ daily livelihood. From the perspective of time scale, the relationships between different human actants have not become very close until ‘the Pu’er Tea Fever’ in 2007. Besides flowing the supply chain of the Pu’er Tea’s production and consumption from a spatial perspective, we found that various actors have redeveloped the economic value and cultural significance of the Pu’er tea together. This paper analyses the core role of the Pu’er Tea in Kunlushan’s rural reconstruction and presents the ways that nonhuman actors with potential agencies take part in human social practices. Hence, we call for the necessity of reconsidering the mechanism of Chinese rural development by exploring the interactions between society and nature.
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