基于Meta分析的黄山市森林生态系统服务价值研究
李坦(1986-),女,安徽铜陵人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为农林经济管理。E-mail: litan@ahau.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2021-08-12
修回日期: 2022-02-25
网络出版日期: 2022-12-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(71873003)
版权
Economic Value of Forest Ecosystem Services in Huangshan City Based on Meta-analysis
Received date: 2021-08-12
Revised date: 2022-02-25
Online published: 2022-12-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(71873003)
Copyright
在综合国内外森林生态系统服务价值评估相关文献的基础上,构建黄山市森林生态系统服务价值转移数据库和Meta回归模型并进行有效性检验,建立生长函数对单位面积价值量进行了修正,分析了2010—2019年黄山市的服务价值占比变化和各区县服务价值演化特征。结果表明:① 黄山市森林生态系统单位面积服务总价值呈现递增趋势;② 样本内外效益转移平均误差分别为31.71%和32.79%,均位于20%~40%的有效区间内,所构建的Meta回归模型效果较好;③ 从修正后的价值量来看,近年来黄山市森林生态系统供给服务价值占比稳步上升,而调节服务、支持服务占比略有下降;④ 从黄山市各区县时空差异来看,各区县单位面积服务价值自2016年后呈现出协同增长的趋势。
李坦 , 陈天宇 , 惠宝航 . 基于Meta分析的黄山市森林生态系统服务价值研究[J]. 地理科学, 2022 , 42(12) : 2179 -2188 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.12.014
Huangshan City is the headstream of the Xin'anjiang River Ecological Compensation policy. The local forests have contributed to the ecosystem services of the life community of “Mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes and grassland”. But the nature of its public goods means that the relationship between protection and development of various ecosystem services needs to be reasonably balanced. Compared with the traditional methods of directly calculating the value of regional ecosystem services, the benefit transfer assessment of forest ecosystem services in Huangshan City can be better understood. Based on 39 domestic and foreign research examples and 371 sample data in the Meta library, the Huangshan Forest ecosystem service value transfer database and Meta regression model are constructed, and the validity is tested. The growth function curve is established to correct the transfer value. We analysis the proportion of the service value of the whole city of Huangshan City changes and the service value evolution characteristics of various districts and counties. The results show that: 1) The total value of services per unit area of the forest ecosystem in Huangshan City shows an increasing trend; 2) The average error of the transfer of benefits within and outside the sample is respectively 31.71% and 32.79% are both within the effective range of 20%-40%, and the Meta regression model constructed has a better transfer effect; 3) From the perspective of the revised transfer value, Huangshan City’s forest supply service value has steadily increased, while adjustment services and support services have declined slightly; 4) The service value per unit area of the districts and counties shows a trend of synergistic growth since 2016.
Key words: ecosystem service value; Meta-analysis; benefit transfer; Huangshan City
表1 变量选取Table 1 Variable selection |
变量名称 | 变量描述 | 均值 | 标准差 | 样本数 |
被解释变量 | ||||
单位面积服务价值 | 数值型变量(对数) | 8.27 | 1.71 | 371 |
解释变量 | ||||
评估方法变量 | ||||
成本法 | 若评估方法为替代成本法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.40 | 0.49 | 147 |
收益法 | 若为市场价值法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.31 | 0.46 | 116 |
机会成本法 | 若为成本法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 45 |
意愿调查法 | 若为意愿调查法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 5 |
Costanza系数法 | 若为Costanza系数法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 57 |
谢高地系数法 | 若为谢高地系数法,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 61 |
服务类型变量 | ||||
保育土壤 | 若服务为保育土壤,取值为1,否为0 | 0.17 | 0.38 | 64 |
营养积累 | 若服务为养分循环,取值为1,否为0 | 0.14 | 0.35 | 53 |
废物处理 | 若服务为废物处理,取值为1,否为0 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 15 |
涵养水源 | 若服务为涵养水源,取值为1,否为0 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 61 |
调节气候 | 若服务为调节气候,取值为1,否为0 | 0.05 | 0.22 | 18 |
净化大气 | 若服务为净化大气,取值为1,否为0 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 57 |
森林防护 | 若服务为森林防护,取值为1,否为0 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 16 |
生物多样性 | 若服务为保护生物多样性,取值为1,否为0 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 60 |
产品供给 | 若服务为产品供给,取值为1,否为0 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 27 |
研究特征变量 | ||||
评估时间 | 以最早年份为基期(对数形式) | 3.04 | 0.60 | 371 |
评估空间 | 1地级市,2地区,3省(直辖市),4区域,5全国 | 2.96 | 1.32 | 371 |
撰写发表特征变量 | ||||
文献来源 | 0为中文数据库,1为外文数据库 | 1.13 | 0.33 | 371 |
发表时间 | 以最早年份为基期(对数形式) | 3.35 | 0.19 | 371 |
森林特征变量 | ||||
森林面积/hm2 | 数值型变量(对数) | 15.87 | 2.00 | 371 |
森林覆盖率/% | 数值型变量(对数) | 3.69 | 0.53 | 371 |
森林单位面积承载人口数/(人/ hm2) | 数值型变量(对数) | 1.84 | 0.78 | 371 |
单位面积林木蓄积量/(m3/hm2) | 数值型变量(对数) | 10.72 | 0.36 | 371 |
社会经济特征变量 | ||||
人均GDP/(元/人) | 数值型变量(对数) | 9.96 | 0.73 | 371 |
人口数量/人 | 数值型变量(对数) | 17.58 | 2.39 | 371 |
人口密度/(人/km2) | 数值型变量(对数) | 5.51 | 0.62 | 371 |
聚集效应变量 | ||||
50 km内是否有其他森林聚集 | 若有,取值为1,否则为0 | 0.95 | 0.21 | 354 |
表2 森林单位面积服务价值描述统计Table 2 Descriptive statistics of unit value of forest services |
服务类型 | 对数变换后 | |||
均值 | 标准差 | 标准差系数 | 中位数 | |
营养积累 | 8.34 | 0.97 | 0.12 | 8.47 |
调节气候 | 9.35 | 1.21 | 0.13 | 9.37 |
净化大气 | 9.56 | 0.54 | 0.06 | 9.63 |
涵养水源 | 10.27 | 0.57 | 0.06 | 10.26 |
产品供给 | 8.19 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 8.13 |
保育土壤 | 8.61 | 0.64 | 0.07 | 8.51 |
保护生物多样性 | 9.20 | 1.66 | 0.18 | 9.75 |
表3 OLS和WLS模型回归结果Table 3 Regression results of OLS and WLS |
Meta回归变量 | OLS | WLS | |||||
非标准化系数 | 标准误 | VIF | 非标准化系数 | 标准误 | VIF | ||
注:*,**,***分别表示在0.1、0.05、0.01的显著性水平上显著,空白为无此项。 | |||||||
(常数项) | 3.116*** | 1.121 | 0.306 | 1.014 | |||
评估方法 | |||||||
成本法 | 1.247*** | 0.150 | 6.733 | 1.289*** | 0.145 | 6.765 | |
收益法 | -0.656*** | 0.135 | 4.271 | -0.487*** | 0.120 | 3.876 | |
机会成本法 | 0.818*** | 0.178 | 4.801 | 0.755*** | 0.188 | 4.655 | |
意愿调查法 | -4.249*** | 0.298 | 2.063 | -4.343*** | 0.297 | 1.907 | |
Costanza系数法 | 0.172 | 0.212 | 4.571 | 0.247 | 0.185 | 4.599 | |
谢高地系数法 | -0.815*** | 0.199 | 8.285 | -0.906*** | 0.188 | 8.196 | |
服务类型 | |||||||
保育土壤 | -0.373** | 0.162 | 4.802 | -0.388** | 0.165 | 5.596 | |
营养积累 | 0.263 | 0.159 | 2.325 | 0.252 | 0.180 | 3.232 | |
涵养水源 | 0.602*** | 0.183 | 5.643 | 0.805*** | 0.187 | 5.923 | |
调节气候 | 0.452** | 0.198 | 1.996 | 0.733*** | 0.199 | 2.845 | |
净化大气 | 0.155 | 0.170 | 5.177 | 0.351** | 0.171 | 5.713 | |
生物多样性 | 0.517*** | 0.186 | 6.355 | 0.673*** | 0.199 | 6.552 | |
产品供给 | -0.264* | 0.155 | 2.207 | -0.267* | 0.148 | 3.395 | |
研究特征 | |||||||
评估时间 | 0.212*** | 0.077 | 2.295 | 0.208*** | 0.072 | 2.364 | |
撰写发表特征 | |||||||
文献类型 | 1.293*** | 0.161 | 4.277 | 1.312*** | 0.154 | 4.474 | |
森林特征 | |||||||
森林面积 | -0.087*** | 0.031 | 4.497 | -0.084*** | 0.032 | 7.392 | |
森林单位面积承载人口数 | -0.037 | 0.058 | 2.900 | 0.076 | 0.062 | 3.662 | |
单位面积活立木蓄积量 | 0.389*** | 0.093 | 1.384 | 0.623*** | 0.097 | 1.734 | |
社会经济特征 | |||||||
人口数量 | 0.039 | 0.024 | 4.448 | 0.022 | 0.024 | 5.757 | |
人均GDP | 0.220*** | 0.062 | 2.369 | 0.315*** | 0.056 | 2.004 | |
聚集效应 | |||||||
50 km内是否存在其他森林 | 0.506** | 0.218 | 2.680 | 0.806*** | 0.256 | 4.950 |
表4 样本转移误差Table 4 Sample benefit transfer error |
服务名称 | 营养积累 | 净化大气 | 涵养水源 | 产品供给 | 保育土壤 | 生物多样 | 调节气候 | 总体 |
样本内误差/% | 44.85 | 40.81 | 32.05 | 31.97 | 28.79 | 29.16 | 22.92 | 31.71 |
样本外误差/% | 49.74 | 35.82 | 29.08 | 25.98 | 24.40 | 43.96 | 28.14 | 32.79 |
表5 样本外配对T检验和Wilcoxon符号秩检验Table 5 Out-of-sample paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test |
服务名称 | 营养积累 | 净化大气 | 涵养水源 | 产品供给 | 保育土壤 | 生物多样 | 调节气候 |
注:a基于正秩;b基于负秩。 | |||||||
t | 0.96 | 0.254 | -2.905 | -6.642 | -1.736 | -1.673 | -0.708 |
P值 | 0.513 | 0.805 | 0.062 | 0.095 | 0.106 | 0.133 | 0.530 |
Z | -0.447a | -0.255a | -1.826b | -1.342b | -1.412b | -1.599b | -0.730b |
P值 | 0.655 | 0.799 | 0.068 | 0.180 | 0.158 | 0.110 | 0.465 |
表6 黄山市森林生态系统服务单位价值修正Table 6 Adjusted results of benefit transfer in Huangshan City |
年份 | 支持服务/(元/hm2) | 占比/% | 调节服务/(元/hm2) | 占比/% | 供给服务/(元/hm2) | 占比/% | 合计/(元/hm2) |
2010 | 11288.980 | 30.26 | 24680.470 | 66.16 | 1336.049 | 3.58 | 37305.499 |
2013 | 15058.988 | 32.89 | 28933.503 | 63.21 | 1782.222 | 3.89 | 45774.714 |
2016 | 16448.772 | 32.62 | 31643.037 | 62.75 | 2334.251 | 4.63 | 50426.060 |
2019 | 16670.601 | 32.24 | 32238.658 | 62.35 | 2796.732 | 5.41 | 51705.991 |
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