“人-地-业”协调与区位优势双重视角下农村居民点整理——以河西走廊金昌市为例
马利邦(1984—),男,甘肃酒泉人,教授,博导,主要从事乡村地理、区域发展等方面研究。E-mail: malb0613@nwnu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2022-05-25
修回日期: 2022-10-14
网络出版日期: 2023-03-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41961033)
甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA519)
版权
Rural residential land consolidation based on "population-land-industry" coordination and location superiority: A case study in Jinchang City, Hexi corridor of Gansu Province
Received date: 2022-05-25
Revised date: 2022-10-14
Online published: 2023-03-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41961033)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(20JR5RA519)
Copyright
内部要素结构的协调性和区域外部环境的差异性对农村居民点系统演化与分异起主导作用,并对农村居民点整理提出不同要求。立足于人地关系地域系统理论,以甘肃省河西走廊金昌市为例,在分析133个行政村“人–地–业”系统耦合协调水平和区位优势度的基础上,构建农村居民点整理分区概念模型并提出类型。研究结果表明:① 金昌市农村居民点“人–地–业”系统耦合协调水平空间差异显著,整体处于一般协调阶段,在区位上具有明显的城镇指向和交通指向特征;② 农村居民点区位优势度由城镇中心向外围基本呈3级递减态势,同时受道路网络密度和交通干线级别影响,高优势度区域向不同方向做出不同程度的延伸;③ 对“人–地–业”协调与“城镇–道路”区位优势进行叠置分析,结合研究区实际情况,划分优化提质类、融合发展类、优化调整类、逐步推进类、引导发展类和改造拆迁类6种整理类型,并提出相应的整理思路与策略。为金昌市农村居民点整理和农村人居环境改善提供一定的理论依据,为乡村土地可持续利用提供借鉴。
马利邦 , 石志浩 , 李梓妍 , 豆浩健 . “人-地-业”协调与区位优势双重视角下农村居民点整理——以河西走廊金昌市为例[J]. 地理科学, 2023 , 43(3) : 476 -487 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.03.010
Taking the rural settlements of Jinchang City in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province as an example, this paper analyzed the coupling coordination level of "population-land-industry" system and location advantage degree in 133 administrative villages based on the theory of human-earth areal system. And the concept model of rural residential consolidation zoning was constructed for differentiating the types of consolidation. The results show that: 1) The coupling coordination level of "population-land-industry" system of rural residential areas in Jinchang City has significant spatial differences, which is generally in the stage of general coordination. In terms of location, it has obvious characteristics of urban orientation and traffic orientation. 2) Under the comprehensive effect of urban radiation and road traffic, the regional advantage degree of rural settlements shows a three-level decline trend from the urban center to the periphery. Affected by the density of road network and the level of traffic trunk lines, the high advantage areas extend to different directions partly. 3) Through the superposition analysis of "population-land-industry" coordination and location advantage degree, combining with the actual situation, this paper divides study area into six types of consolidation, which include optimization and improvement type, integrative development type, optimization and adjustment type, progressive promotion type, guiding development type, reconstruction and demolition type. Then we propose ideas and strategy of zoning consolidation.
表1 “人–地–业”系统协调发展水平评价指标体系Table 1 Evaluation index system of coordinated development level of "population-land-industry" system |
目标层 | 准则层 | 指标层 | 指标释义 | 正负 |
人口P | 农村人口分布P1 | 空心程度P11 | (户籍人口–常住人口)/户籍人口 | - |
人口中心度P12 | 农村常住人口/村组数量 | + | ||
农民生活水平P2 | 人均可支配收入/元P21 | 值越大,说明生活水平越高 | + | |
低收入人群比例P22 | 值越大,说明生活困难群众占比越多 | - | ||
土地L | 居民点用地格局L1 | 斑块形状指数L11 | 值越大,说明农村居民点斑块越不规整 | - |
斑块平均邻近指数L12 | 值越小于1,越趋于空间集聚;越大于1,越趋于随机分布 | - | ||
居民点用地强度L2 | 居民点用地强度指数L21 | 人均农村居民点面积/区域人均居民点面积标准 | - | |
居民点用地结构L3 | 居民点用地结构指数L31 | 值越大,说明居民点用地类型越多样、结构越复杂 | + | |
公共设施用地占比L32 | 公用设施用地面积/建设用地总面积 | + | ||
产业用地占比L33 | 产业用地面积/建设用地总面积 | + | ||
道路用地占比L34 | 道路用地面积/建设用地总面积 | + | ||
产业I | 农业发展水平I1 | 设施农业发展水平I11 | 设施农用地面积/耕地总面积 | + |
农业规模经营程度I12 | 规模经营耕地面积/耕地总面积 | + | ||
人均耕地面积/亩I13 | 值越大,农业可能收入越高 | + | ||
农村二三产业发展水平I2 | 每百人超市占有量/个I21 | 衡量农村居民点商业服务业发展水平 | + | |
每百人农业企业数/个I22 | 衡量农村居民点农产品加工业发展水平 | + | ||
从事新兴产业户数比例I23 | 衡量农村居民点新兴产业发展水平 | + |
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