连通性对中国国际贸易影响研究——以“一带一路”沿线国家为例
焦敬娟(1988—),女,河南安阳人,副教授,硕导,主要从事交通地理与区域发展等研究。E-mail: jjjiao@bjtu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2022-01-10
修回日期: 2022-10-17
网络出版日期: 2023-04-20
基金资助
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(B22JBZX00010)
国家自然科学基金项目(42271184)
国家自然科学基金项目(42071147)
版权
Impact of connectivity on China's international trade: Taking countries along "the Belt and Road" as examples
Received date: 2022-01-10
Revised date: 2022-10-17
Online published: 2023-04-20
Supported by
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B22JBZX00010)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271184)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071147)
Copyright
交通基础设施互联互通(下文简称“连通性”)既包括基础设施的物理(硬)连通,也包括交通组织的运营(软)连通等,主要服务于人员流动与货物贸易。“一带一路”倡议的实施改善了中国与沿线国家间的连通性,影响了国家间的双边贸易。以2008―2018年中国与“一带一路”沿线国家双边货物贸易为研究对象,构建面板回归模型,分别从交通设施连通与否及其连通性水平2个层面定量评价和测算了不同类型交通连通性对中国与沿线国家货物贸易的“门槛效应”和“集聚效应”。研究发现:① 连通性提升对货物贸易具有显著正向促进作用;② 不同交通方式对双边货物贸易的影响存在较大差异,其中,海运的影响最大,其次是公路和航空运输,而中欧班列的运行影响不显著;③ 不同交通方式对双边货物贸易的行业影响也存在显著差异。研究结果可为连通性提升在双边货物贸易中的外溢提供合理的分析和解释,也可为中国如何提升与“一带一路”沿线国家双边货物贸易提供启示。
焦敬娟 , 马王钰青 , 李红昌 , 卜伟 , 王姣娥 . 连通性对中国国际贸易影响研究——以“一带一路”沿线国家为例[J]. 地理科学, 2023 , 43(4) : 629 -637 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.04.006
Transport infrastructure interconnection (hereinafter referred to as "connectivity") includes both physical (hard) connectivity of infrastructure and operational (soft) connectivity of transport organizations, mainly serving the movement of people and trade in goods. The implementation of “the Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) has improved connectivity between China and BRI countries, affecting bilateral trade between the countries. Taking the bilateral trade of goods between China and the BRI countries during 2008 to 2018 as the research objects, this paper constructs a panel regression model, respectively from whether the traffic facilities are connected and its connectivity level both quantitative evaluation and measure the level of different types of traffic infrastructure interconnectivity of goods trade along the "threshold effect" and "agglomeration effect". Results indicate that: 1) The improvement of connectivity has a positive effect on goods trade; 2) Different modes of transportation have a great difference in the impact of bilateral goods trade, among which, Marine transport have the greatest impact, followed by road and aviation transport, and the operation impact of the China-Europe express train was still not prominent; 3) There are also significant differences in the sectoral impact of different modes of transport on bilateral goods trade. The results could provide a reasonable analysis and explanation for the spillover of improved transport connectivity in bilateral goods trade, and also provide enlightenment for how China could enhance bilateral goods trade with BRI countries.
表1 模型回归及稳健性检验结果Table 1 Estimated results of baseline models and robustness test models |
变量 | 门槛效应基 准回归结果 (1) | 集聚效应基 准回归结果 (2) | 门槛效应稳健性检验回归结果 | 集聚效应稳健性检验回归结果 | |||||||
(3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | ||||
注:CR为是否有开行中欧班列、RD为是否有公路连通、SD为是否有海运、AD为是否有航班飞行、SF为国家间班轮运输双边联通数、AF为国家间航空频次、GDP为地区生产总值、M2为广义货币、NR为自然资源禀赋、LF为劳动力资源禀赋、IC为投资机会、TR为技术资源禀赋;***、**、*表示在1%、5%和10%水平上显著;括号内为标准误;模型回归包含所有控制变量;空白为无此项。 | |||||||||||
RD | 0.243 0** | 0.292 0*** | 0.266 0*** | 0.262 0*** | 0.166 0* | ||||||
(0.0960) | (0.0965) | (0.0929) | (0.0935) | (0.0899) | |||||||
AD | 0.0462 | 0.0486 | 0.0551 | 0.100 0** | 0.0751** | ||||||
(0.0330) | (0.0340) | (0.0337) | (0.0404) | (0.0352) | |||||||
SD | 0.469 0*** | 0.647 0*** | 0.666 0*** | 0.862 0*** | 0.727 0*** | ||||||
(0.0880) | (0.0905) | (0.0917) | (0.114 0) | (0.0979) | |||||||
CR | 0.0290 | 0.0118 | 0.0136 | 0.0666 | 0.0414 | ||||||
(0.0550) | (0.0590) | (0.0591) | (0.0586) | (0.0556) | |||||||
lnAF | 0.0038* | 0.0040* | 0.0038* | 0.0085*** | 0.0052** | ||||||
(0.0022) | (0.0022) | (0.0021) | (0.0026) | (0.0022) | |||||||
lnSF | 0.0454*** | 0.0621*** | 0.0639*** | 0.0886*** | 0.0740*** | ||||||
(0.0081) | (0.0083) | (0.0091) | (0.0104) | (0.0096) | |||||||
lnGDP | 0.974 0*** | 0.954 0*** | 0.926 0*** | 0.814 0*** | 0.907 0*** | 0.780 0*** | |||||
(0.0477) | (0.0458) | (0.0459) | (0.0581) | (0.0443) | (0.0588) | ||||||
lnM2 | 0.0722*** | 0.0915*** | 0.0724*** | 0.0929*** | |||||||
(0.0164) | (0.0135) | (0.0159) | (0.0140) | ||||||||
lnNR | 0.0513*** | 0.114 0*** | 0.0578*** | 0.121 0*** | |||||||
(0.0134) | (0.0155) | (0.0137) | (0.0160) | ||||||||
lnLF | 0.289 0 | 1.934 0*** | 0.416 0** | 1.899 0*** | |||||||
(0.209 0) | (0.179 0) | (0.210 0) | (0.183 0) | ||||||||
lnIC | 0.186 0** | 0.237 0*** | 0.213 0*** | 0.242 0*** | |||||||
(0.0739) | (0.0813) | (0.0732) | (0.0806) | ||||||||
lnTR | −0.0005 | 0.0250*** | 0.0006 | 0.0237** | |||||||
(0.0087) | (0.0091) | (0.0091) | (0.0093) | ||||||||
样本数 | 682 | 682 | 616 | 616 | 616 | 616 | 616 | 616 | 616 | 616 | |
国家数 | 62 | 62 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 |
图2 连通性水平对货物贸易的行业影响评估1.HS19其他机电产品;2.HS05矿产品;3.HS21艺术收藏品;4.HS09木及编制材料制品;5.HS10木浆纸板制品;6.HS13陶瓷玻璃制品;7.HS15贱金属制品;8.HS11纺织制品;9.HS08皮革容器类制品;10.HS01动物产品;11.HS02植物产品;12.HS06化工产品;13.HS03油脂类产品;14.HS20杂项制品;15.HS07塑料橡胶制品;16.HS14珍宝贵金属制品;17.HS04食品及烟草制品;18.HS12鞋帽及加工类制品;19.所有产品;20.HS17运输设备;21.HS18仪器设备;22.HS16机电类产品;回归系数为在10%统计水平下显著系数结果 Fig. 2 Industry impact assessment for connectivity on goods trade |
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