多源数据视角下黄河流域城市体系的规模等级与网络结构分析
孙颖琦(1996—),女,山西阳泉人,博士研究生,主要从事城市化与区域可持续发展研究。E-mail: sunyq21@lzu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2022-04-26
修回日期: 2023-11-23
网络出版日期: 2024-03-14
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目资助(72050001)
版权
Size-hierarchy and network structure analysis of urban system in the Yellow River Basin using multi-source data
Received date: 2022-04-26
Revised date: 2023-11-23
Online published: 2024-03-14
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(72050001)
Copyright
孙颖琦 , 张子龙 , 陈兴鹏 , 张慧 . 多源数据视角下黄河流域城市体系的规模等级与网络结构分析[J]. 地理科学, 2024 , 44(2) : 268 -277 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20220489
The key to achieving the goal of high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin lies in building a reasonable urban system. Quantitative research on the urban system of the Yellow River Basin from the perspective of size hierarchy and network structure is not only conducive to analyzing the structural characteristics of the urban system, but also has theoretical significance to deepen the understanding of the urban system from the perspective of function and relationship. Based on macro statistics data, micro enterprise data and traffic big data, 87 cities (autonomous prefecture) in the Yellow River Basin are taken as the basic unit, and the rank-size rule, urban gravity model and social network analysis are integrated. From two aspects of scale and connection, this paper explores the size-hierarchical and network structure characteristics of the Yellow River Basin urban system under the three dimensions of urban node, development axis and spatial structure, and the relationship between urban size hierarchy and network structure. The results show that: 1) The urban system of the Yellow River Basin presents the characteristics of dense small and medium-sized cities, scattered high-level sub cities and multi center distribution. The overall scale level tends to be balanced, and the scale status of the first city is not prominent. 2) The development axis of the Yellow River Economic Belt, dominated by the connection between Lanzhou, Xi'an, Zhengzhou, Jinan and Qingdao, has been formed, and the “ψ” spatial pattern has been formed along this axis. The network centrality gradually increases from the upstream to the downstream, and forms dense sub-networks in Shandong and Henan provinces. However, the overall connection strength is not high, and the transportation connection is stronger than the economic connection. 3) The coordination degree of city size hierarchy and network structure in the Yellow River Basin is relatively high, and they show a flattened S-shaped curve relationship, which can be divided into three stages: Low-level low-speed coupling, medium-level high-speed coupling and high-level low-speed coupling. Population, economy and land use scale all have significant positive effects on network centrality.
图1 基于等级−网络评价体系的的城市等级与类型第一层级城市(4个):①, 规模中心性强,网络中心性强。第二层级城市(5个):② ,规模中心性中等,网络中心性强(4个);③ ,规模中心性强,网络中心性中等(1个)。第三层级城市(21个):④ ,规模中心性中等,网络中心性中等。第四层级城市(15个):⑤ ,规模中心性弱,网络中心性中等(13个);⑥ ,规模中心性中等,网络中心性弱(2个)。第五层级城市(42个):⑦, 规模中心性弱,网络中心性弱 Fig. 1 City grades and types based on hierarchy-network evaluation system |
图3 黄河流域空间格局A.兰西城市群;B.宁夏沿黄城市群;C.关中平原城市群;D.呼包鄂榆城市群;E.山西中部城市群;F.中原城市群;G.山东半岛城市群 Fig. 3 Spatial pattern of the Yellow River Basin |
表1 黄河流域城市群规模中心性与网络中心性Table 1 Size centrality and network centrality of urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin |
城市群名称 | 规模中心性 | 交通流联系强度 | 企业流联系强度 | 网络中心性 | 排名 |
山东半岛城市群 | 4.99 | 4.21 | 6.41 | 5.31 | 1 |
中原城市群 | 3.89 | 6.78 | 2.68 | 4.73 | 2 |
关中平原城市群 | 1.64 | 2.97 | 1.39 | 2.18 | 3 |
山西中部城市群 | 0.74 | 0.82 | 0.94 | 0.88 | 4 |
呼包鄂榆城市群 | 0.80 | 0.99 | 0.47 | 0.73 | 5 |
兰西城市群 | 0.35 | 0.81 | 0.28 | 0.53 | 6 |
宁夏沿黄城市群 | 0.30 | 0.55 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 7 |
城市群平均水平 | 1.82 | 2.45 | 1.79 | 2.11 |
表2 网络中心性影响因素的岭回归结果Table 2 Results of ridge regression for factors influencing network centrality |
变量 | 模型(1) | 模型(2) | 模型(3) | 模型(4) | 模型(5) | 模型(6) |
注:模型(1)无控制变量,模型(2~6)逐步加入控制变量,常数项均为0;−表示无变量;*、**、***分别表示在10%,5%,1%水平下显著。 | ||||||
人口规模 | 0.23*** | 0.14** | 0.11** | 0.13** | 0.11*** | 0.12*** |
经济规模 | 0.38*** | 0.29*** | 0.25*** | 0.20*** | 0.18*** | 0.16*** |
用地规模 | 0.27*** | 0.22*** | 0.21*** | 0.23*** | 0.18*** | 0.15*** |
消费水平 | − | 0.28*** | 0.24*** | 0.19*** | 0.18*** | 0.17*** |
就业水平 | − | − | 0.12** | 0.11* | 0.11** | 0.13*** |
企业发展水平 | − | − | − | 0.10* | 0.14*** | 0.14*** |
行政级别 | − | − | − | − | 0.09* | 0.08* |
居民收入 | − | − | − | − | − | 0.07* |
岭参数 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
Adj R2 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
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