喀斯特山区生态系统服务权衡关系分异特征及生态安全格局识别——以贵州省为例
黄强(1994—),四川内江人,硕士研究生,主要从事土地利用变化及生态系统服务响应研究。E-mail: huangqiangcc@163.com |
收稿日期: 2023-04-10
修回日期: 2023-07-21
网络出版日期: 2024-07-11
基金资助
重庆市教委人文社科项目(24SKGH075)
重庆师范大学“博望学者”计划(BWQB2023017)
版权
Differentiation characteristics of trade-off on ecosystem services and identification of ecological security pattern in karst mountainous areas: A case study of Guizhou Province
Received date: 2023-04-10
Revised date: 2023-07-21
Online published: 2024-07-11
Supported by
Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Humanities and Social Sciences Project(24SKGH075)
Chongqing Normal University Erudite Scholar Program(BWQB2023017)
Copyright
本文运用相关模型和方法对区域2000—2020年植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务和产水服务进行评估,并借助均方根误差和空间自相关分析探索生态系统服务权衡关系的时空分异规律,构建贝叶斯网络解析生态系统服务权衡变化的驱动因素,并设置多情景实现区域生态安全格局识别。结果表明:研究时段内3类生态系统服务均呈现出了一定增长趋势,但局部地区权衡冲突明显。不同背景条件下生态系统服务权衡关系异质性特征显著。其中,产水服务与土壤保持服务、植被净初级生产力间的权衡关系在不同高程上均强于植被净初级生产力与产水服务;土壤保持服务与植被净初级生产力、产水服务的权衡关系随坡度增加而增强;岩溶峡谷、岩溶盆地上土壤保持服务与产水服务间的冲突更明显;生态工程修复区产水服务与植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务的权衡关系更强。生态系统服务权衡关系受多种因素影响且主导因素不尽相同,造林面积、实际蒸散发和降水总量分别是造成土壤保持服务与植被净初级生产力、土壤保持服务与产水服务、植被净初级生产力与产水服务权衡变化的主要因素。贵州省南部的望谟县和罗甸县以及东北部的江口县和印江县面临着最大的生态风险,未来可以通过调整关键变量的关键状态来提升这类区域的生态安全水平。
黄强 , 陈田田 , 王强 , 冯玉全 . 喀斯特山区生态系统服务权衡关系分异特征及生态安全格局识别——以贵州省为例[J]. 地理科学, 2024 , 44(6) : 1080 -1091 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20220173
As an important ecological function reserve and ecologically fragile area in Southwest China, it is of great significance to achieve the coordinated development of society and ecology in Guizhou Province by analyzing the trade-off relationship of regional ecosystem services and rationally constructing an ecological security pattern. Therefore, this study evaluated the net primary productivity (NPP), soil conservation (SC) and water yield (WY) of this region from 2000 to 2020 by relevant models and methods, explored the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of the trade-off relationship between these three ecosystem services through root mean square error and spatial auto-correlation analysis. Then, a Bayesian belief network was built to analyze the driving forces of regional trade-off changes, and regional ecological security patterns was identified by setting different trade-off scenarios. It showed that these three ecosystem services increased during 2000 to 2020; but there was obvious trade-off relationship between them in local regions. The heterogeneity characteristics of ecosystem service trade-off relationship under different backgrounds was significant. Among them, the trade-off between WY and SC, WY and NPP was stronger than that between NPP and WY at different altitudes; the trade-off between SC and NPP, SC and WY increased with the raising of slope; the trade-off between SC and WY was more obvious in karst canyons and karst basins; and there was a stronger trade-off relationship between WY and NPP, WY and SC in ecological restoration area. The trade-off of these 3 ecosystem services was affected by multiple forces, and the dominant driver of the trade-off between different ecosystem services was different; afforestation area, actual evapotranspiration and total precipitation was the main forces causing the trade-off change between SC and NPP, SC and WY, NPP and WY, respectively. Wangmo County, Luodian County of the southern Guizhou and Jiangkou County, Yinjiang County of the northeastern part faced the greatest ecological risk. In the future, the ecological security level of these counties can be improved by adjusting the key state of the key forces.
表1 生态系统服务权衡关系不同影响因子的敏感性Table 1 Sensitivity of different impact factors on ecosystem service trade-offs |
土壤保持与植被净初级生产力 | 敏感度 | 土壤保持与产水 | 敏感度 | 植被净初级生产力与产水 | 敏感度 | ||
造林面积 | 0.0039 | 实际蒸散发 | 0.0031 | 降水总量 | 0.0036 | ||
实际蒸散发 | 0.0038 | 人均GDP | 0.0025 | 高程 | 0.0024 | ||
人均GDP | 0.0033 | 高程 | 0.0022 | 造林面积 | 0.0024 | ||
高程 | 0.0028 | 气温 | 0.0019 | 人均GDP | 0.0021 | ||
气温 | 0.0026 | 造林面积 | 0.0019 | 实际蒸散发 | 0.0020 | ||
降水总量 | 0.0020 | 降水总量 | 0.0015 | 气温 | 0.0019 | ||
坡度 | 0.0002 | 坡度 | 0.0002 | 坡度 | 0.0003 |
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