产业链分工视角下中国数字游戏产业城市合作网络结构与产业链地位研究
何金廖(1983—),男,湖南邵阳人,教授,博导,研究方向为城市与经济地理。E-mail:jlhe@iud.ecnu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-05-07
修回日期: 2024-08-27
网络出版日期: 2025-09-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目资助(42171214)
版权
Inter-city collaborative networks in China’s digital gaming industry
Received date: 2024-05-07
Revised date: 2024-08-27
Online published: 2025-09-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171214)
Copyright
从产业链分工视角出发,深入剖析中国数字游戏产业的城市合作网络结构、合作模式、产业链地位和嵌入性演变。结果表明:首先,中国数字游戏产业全国尺度的城市合作网络存在多中心结构,表现出较强的去中心化特性;在全球尺度存在“境外研发出版–国内运营”(模式1)、“国内研发–境外出版运营”(模式2)、“国内出版运营–境外研发”(模式3)3种合作模式。其次,中国城市总体上仍处于全球数字游戏产业链的中低端,在研发和出版环节对美国、日本和欧洲的城市依赖性较大,但随着模式2和模式3的快速崛起,以北京、上海、成都、深圳、厦门等为代表的城市在全球产业链的地位不断提升。再次,中国数字游戏产业在近10 a里大致经历了本地化嵌入减弱、国内跨城联系增强、国际依赖减弱的演变过程,反映了数字创意产业链的去本地化特征和地方−全球再分工过程。本研究助益于城市网络研究与产业链理论的对话与融合。
何金廖 , 叶涵溪 , 张旭 , 曲华丽 . 产业链分工视角下中国数字游戏产业城市合作网络结构与产业链地位研究[J]. 地理科学, 2025 , 45(9) : 1938 -1950 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20240427
Current research on urban networks still has some shortcomings, such as insufficient analysis of industrial chains, neglecting the distinction between local and non-local embedding, and insufficient attention to industrial connections in the digital economy. In view of this, this article attempts to take the Chinese digital game industry as an analytical case. Based on the basic paradigm of urban network research, it starts from the perspective of industrial chain division of labor, focusing on exploring the urban network structure and cooperation models formed by the digital game industry through industrial chain division of labor. It further analyzes the industrial chain position and the evolution of local-global embeddedness of the Chinese digital game industry, thereby promoting the dialogue between urban network research and industrial chain theory and solidifying the analysis of the industrial connection connotation in urban network research. This study selected cooperation data at both the national and global scales from 2013 to 2023, involving 283 cities worldwide. Social network analysis was employed to measure the urban cooperation network structure of China’s digital games, and the internalization link index was used to analyze the differences in local and cross-city connections of game enterprises at different spatial scales. The findings are as follows: 1) The national-level city collaborative network of China’s digital gaming industry has a polycentric structure, reflecting the decentralized characteristics of the digital economy; at the global scale, there exist 3 collaborative models: “Overseas R&D and Publishing-Domestic Operation” (Model 1), “Domestic R&D-Overseas Publishing and Operation” (Model 2), and “Domestic Publishing and Operation-Overseas R&D” (Model 3). Model 1 has the largest network of cities, and Models 2 and 3 are expanding rapidly. 2) Overall, Chinese cities are still in the middle and lower segments of the global digital gaming industry chain, with significant dependence on cities in the United States, Japan, and Europe in the R&D and publishing sectors. However, with the rapid development of Models 2 and 3, cities represented by Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, and Xiamen are continuously upgrading their positions in the global industry chain. 3) Over the past decade, the local-global connectivity of China’s core gaming cities has undergone significant spatial restructuring, mirroring the global industrial chain reconfiguration. Nationally, most cities have transitioned from localized to cross-city domestic collaborations, aligning with the delocalization trend in digital creative industries. Globally, Chinese cities demonstrate reduced external dependency, shifting from strong international-weak domestic ties to domestic-dominated collaboration patterns, with Shanghai emerging as the sole metropolis sustaining robust dual local-global linkages. These evolving spatial embeddedness patterns reflect the industry’s self-optimization and value chain upgrading trajectory. This study contributes to the dialogue and incorporation between industrial chain and urban network research. Future research needs to analyze in more detail the driving mechanisms, globalization strategies and local embedding patterns of Chinese cities’ participation in the division of labor in the global digital game industry chain through more in-depth enterprise surveys and industry chain analyses.
Key words: urban network; industry chain; digital gaming industry; embeddedness
表1 全球尺度下中国数字游戏产业合作联系排名前20城市Table 1 Top 20 cities in chain of China’s gaming industry on global scale |
总联系排名 | 连接数量 | 研发联系排名 | 连接数量 | 出版联系排名 | 连接数量 | ||
注:中国数字游戏企业未含港澳台数据;境外合作方企业包含港澳台数据。 | |||||||
东京 | 198 | 东京 | 116 | 旧金山 | 127 | ||
旧金山 | 169 | 旧金山 | 42 | 洛杉矶 | 100 | ||
巴黎 | 120 | 巴黎 | 29 | 巴黎 | 91 | ||
洛杉矶 | 111 | 蒙特利尔 | 26 | 东京 | 82 | ||
杜塞尔多夫 | 70 | 香港 | 19 | 杜塞尔多夫 | 70 | ||
伦敦 | 46 | 大阪 | 17 | 伦敦 | 33 | ||
香港 | 45 | 纽约 | 16 | 圣何塞 | 29 | ||
蒙特利尔 | 31 | 横滨 | 15 | 香港 | 26 | ||
圣何塞 | 30 | 温哥华 | 15 | 密西沙加 | 21 | ||
纽约 | 30 | 斯德哥尔摩 | 14 | 雷德伍德城 | 20 | ||
横滨 | 26 | 伦敦 | 13 | 台北 | 17 | ||
大阪 | 26 | 洛杉矶 | 11 | 圣保罗 | 16 | ||
斯德哥尔摩 | 24 | 红木城 | 12 | 西雅图 | 15 | ||
台北 | 23 | 巴塞罗那 | 11 | 纽约 | 14 | ||
西雅图 | 23 | 京都 | 10 | 贝德福德 | 12 | ||
密西沙加 | 21 | 吉尔福德 | 10 | 横滨 | 11 | ||
雷德伍德城 | 20 | 法兰克福 | 9 | 斯德哥尔摩 | 10 | ||
温哥华 | 17 | 西雅图 | 8 | 尔湾 | 9 | ||
圣保罗 | 16 | 魁北克 | 7 | 莱奇沃思 | 9 | ||
尔湾 | 16 | 蒙彼利埃 | 7 | 大阪 | 9 |
表2 中国数字游戏产业对外联系排名前8的城市Table 2 TOP 8 Chinese cities in collaborative networks of China’s gaming industry |
研发联系排名 | 连接数量 | 出版联系排名 | 连接数量 | 运营联系排名 | 连接数量 | ||
注: 未含港澳台数据。 | |||||||
北京 | 96 | 厦门 | 18 | 上海 | 594 | ||
上海 | 72 | 上海 | 10 | 北京 | 202 | ||
成都 | 51 | 深圳 | 7 | 深圳 | 114 | ||
苏州 | 8 | 北京 | 4 | 成都 | 106 | ||
深圳 | 8 | 广州 | 2 | 厦门 | 46 | ||
广州 | 3 | 成都 | 2 | 合肥 | 46 | ||
杭州 | 3 | 宁波 | 1 | 南京 | 42 | ||
厦门 | 2 | 厦门 | 1 | 广州 | 34 |
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