1985—2022年中国湖泊表层水温的变化特征研究
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张克新(1980—),男,甘肃民勤人,博士,副教授,研究方向为区域气候变化和人工放射性核素示踪应用研究。E-mail:xbsdzkx2008@163.com |
收稿日期: 2024-10-09
修回日期: 2025-03-28
网络出版日期: 2025-09-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42163001)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-zk[2022]一般023)资助
版权
Variation characteristics of lake surface water temperature and impact factors in China from 1985 to 2022
Received date: 2024-10-09
Revised date: 2025-03-28
Online published: 2025-09-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42163001)
Science & Technology Planning Projects of Guizhou Province (Qian-Kehe-Jichu-zk[2022]-General023)
Copyright
湖泊表层水温是湖泊生态系统中最重要的一个物理量之一,也是衡量气候变化的一个重要指标。本文以中国
张克新 , 汪田归 , 刘云龙 , 张洪昌 , 彭娇婷 , 纪燕 . 1985—2022年中国湖泊表层水温的变化特征研究[J]. 地理科学, 2025 , 45(9) : 2000 -2012 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20241148
Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a crucial physical parameter in lake ecosystems and an important indicator of climate change. Studying the spatiotemporal variation patterns of LSWT in China over long-term time series and exploring the driving factors behind these changes hold significant scientific importance for understanding the impacts of future climate change on lake ecosystems. Furthermore, such research provides valuable insights for formulating practical and effective lake ecological management measures. This study systematically analyzed
Key words: lake surface water temperature; climatic change; China
图2 1985—2022年中国湖泊表层水温年平均值及其变化趋势的空间分布特征基于审图号GS(2023)2767号(自然资源部监制)标准地图制作,底图边界无修改 Fig. 2 Spatial distribution characteristics of annual mean lake surface water temperature and change trends of lakes in China from 1985 to 2022 |
表1 1985—2022年中国湖泊表层水温变化趋势呈正−负趋势的湖泊数量/个Table 1 Number of lakes with positive-negative trends in lake surface water temperature over China from 1985 to 2022 |
| 湖泊表层水温 | 正趋势 | 负趋势 | 0趋势 | 总变化趋势 |
| 注:括号里面的数字是表示湖泊表层水温变化趋势显著性通过P<0.01的湖泊数量。 | ||||
| 年变化趋势 | | 3(2) | 0 | 增加 |
| 春季变化趋势 | | 841(309) | 0 | 增加 |
| 夏季变化趋势 | 1948( | 312(73) | 0 | 增加 |
| 秋季变化趋势 | | 0 | 0 | 增加 |
| 冬季变化趋势 | | 69 | | 增加 |
图4 1985—2022年中国及五大湖区湖泊表面水温年均值的年际变化趋势Fig. 4 Trend of annual mean lake surface water temperature in China and 5 lake regions from1985 to 2022 |
表2 1985—2022年不同季节中国湖泊表层水温的多年平均值(℃)及其变化趋势(℃/10a)Table 2 Multi-year average value of lake surface water temperature (℃) and their variation trends (℃/10a) in China during different seasons in 1985—2022 |
| 春 | 夏 | 秋 | 冬 | ||||||||
| 多年平均值 | 变化趋势 | 多年平均值 | 变化趋势 | 多年平均值 | 变化趋势 | 多年平均值 | 变化趋势 | ||||
| 注:*表示该变化趋势的显著性通过P<0.01。 | |||||||||||
| 全国 | 9.37 | 0.149* | 20.58 | 0.134* | 7.57 | 0.198* | 3.07 | 0.030 | |||
| 青藏高原湖区 | 2.90 | −0.029 | 12.44 | 0.033 | 4.79 | 0.149* | 0.35 | 0.008* | |||
| 新疆−内蒙古湖区 | 8.82 | 0.216* | 21.89 | 0.200* | 9.58 | 0.245* | 0.56 | 0.023* | |||
| 东部平原湖区 | 17.36 | 0.322* | 28.55 | 0.218* | 20.12 | 0.246* | 7.91 | 0.070* | |||
| 东北平原与山地湖区 | 7.13 | 0.112 | 23.59 | 0.150* | 9.90 | 0.219* | 0.29 | 0.005* | |||
| 云贵高原湖区 | 18.55 | 0.191* | 24.07 | 0.141* | 19.61 | 0.213* | 12.69 | 0.003 | |||
表3 1985—2022年中国不同面积的湖泊表层水温变化趋势Table 3 Trend of lake surface water temperature in China from 1985 to 2022 |
| 代码 | 分类(面积/km2) | 占比/% | 变化趋势/(℃/10a) |
| 注:所有类型湖泊变化趋势的显著性均为P<0.01。 | |||
| Ⅰ | [1,10] | 67.21 | 0.136 |
| Ⅱ | (10,50] | 22.57 | 0.127 |
| Ⅲ | (50,100] | 4.96 | 0.098 |
| Ⅳ | (100,500] | 4.38 | 0.092 |
| Ⅴ | (500,750] | 0.31 | 0.089 |
| Ⅵ | (750,1000] | 0.27 | 0.129 |
| Ⅶ | > | 0.31 | 0.113 |
表4 湖泊表层水温与各因素的标准化偏回归系数Table 4 Standardized partial regression coefficient for main influential factors and lake surface water temperature in China |
| 纬度 | 面积 | 平均水深 | 海拔 | 平均气温 | 风速 | |
| 注:*表示该因素对湖泊表层水温变化的显著性P<0.01。 | ||||||
| 全国范围 | − | − | − | − | | |
| 青藏高原湖区 | − | − | − | − | | |
| 新疆−内蒙古湖区 | − | − | − | − | | |
| 东部平原湖区 | − | − | | − | | − |
| 东北平原与山地湖区 | − | − | | − | | − |
| 云贵高原湖区 | − | − | − | − | | |
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