可供性视角下文化遗产数字叙事对游客遗产责任行为的影响研究
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赵明煜(1995—),女,山西大同人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为文化遗产数字化、遗产旅游。E-mail:zhaomingyumingyu@163.com |
收稿日期: 2024-10-10
修回日期: 2025-02-27
网络出版日期: 2025-09-25
基金资助
国家社会科学基金西部项目(24XGL024)
西北大学2024年研究生科研创新项目资助(CX2024012)
版权
Impact of digital narrative of cultural heritage on tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior from affordance perspective
Received date: 2024-10-10
Revised date: 2025-02-27
Online published: 2025-09-25
Supported by
National Social Science Fund Western Project(24XGL024)
2024 Graduate Student Research and Innovation Project of Northwest University(CX2024012)
Copyright
随着数字技术快速发展,数字叙事成为文化遗产保护与利用的新方式,其对遗产旅游发展和游客遗产责任行为产生重要影响。本研究基于数字可供性与认知–情感个性系统理论,构建文化遗产数字叙事可供性对游客遗产责任行为影响机制模型;运用结构方程模型,结合半结构访谈收集定性数据,实证检验文化遗产数字叙事可供性不同维度如何通过情感、认知路径影响游客遗产责任行为。研究发现:①文化遗产数字叙事情景下,数字可供性维度可以划分为物理可供性、认知可供性,二者对游客遗产责任行为都具有正向影响;②目的地心理所有权与目的地形象共同在数字可供性(物理可供性、认知可供性)对游客遗产责任行为的影响中起中介作用;③目的地熟悉度在数字可供性(物理可供性、认知可供性)与游客遗产责任行为关系中起正向调节作用,当游客对目的地较为熟悉时,二者的正向关系会加强,反之会减弱。本文在理论方面补充了游客遗产责任行为的数字技术前因研究,在实践方面为文化遗产管理者利用数字技术进行遗产保护与旅游开发提供一定借鉴。
赵明煜 , 梁学成 . 可供性视角下文化遗产数字叙事对游客遗产责任行为的影响研究[J]. 地理科学, 2025 , 45(9) : 2047 -2057 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20250267
The rapid development of digital technologies has made digital narrative an emerging and important means for the protection and utilization of cultural heritage. This new form of interpretation not only provides fresh opportunities for the preservation and presentation of heritage resources, but also exerts significant influence on the development of heritage tourism and on tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior. Building on the perspective of digital affordance and the cognitive-affective personality system theory, this study constructs a mechanism model to examine how the affordance of cultural heritage digital narrative affects tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior. To empirically test the model, the research adopts structural equation modeling and combines it with qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews, thereby investigating how different dimensions of cultural heritage digital narrative affordance exert influence through cognitive and emotional pathways. The findings indicate 3 main results. First, under the setting of cultural heritage digital narrative, the digital affordance can be conceptualized as comprising physical and cognitive dimensions, both of which show significant positive impacts on tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior. Second, destination psychological ownership together with destination image serve as mediating variables, jointly transmitting the effects of physical and cognitive affordance on tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior. Third, destination familiarity plays a positive moderating role in this relationship: when tourists possess a higher level of familiarity with the destination, the positive influence of digital affordance is strengthened, while lower familiarity weakens the relationship. In conclusion, this study supplements existing theoretical research by identifying the digital antecedents of tourists’ heritage responsibility behavior and by clarifying how digital affordance functions through emotional and cognitive mechanism. At the same time, it provides practical reference for cultural heritage managers, demonstrating how digital technologies can be effectively applied in heritage protection and in the development of heritage tourism.
表1 数字可供性与相关变量的题项、信度以及区分度Table 1 Items, reliability, and discriminant validity for digital affordance and associated variables |
| 构念和题项 | 项目载荷 | 平均变异数 抽取量 | 组合 信度 | 克朗巴哈系数 |
| 物理可供性(Physical affordance,PHA) | 0.617 | 0.828 | 0.715 | |
| PHA1:“寻境敦煌”具有便捷的互动功能 | 0.769 | |||
| PHA2:可以随时随地观看“寻境敦煌”展示内容 | 0.738 | |||
| PHA3:“寻境敦煌”创建了一个沉浸式的旅游体验新空间 | 0.846 | |||
| 认知可供性(Cognitive affordance,COA) | 0.624 | 0.833 | 0.738 | |
| COA1:“寻境敦煌”提供了丰富的遗产知识 | 0.827 | |||
| COA2:“寻境敦煌”提供了准确的遗产知识 | 0.775 | |||
| COA3:“寻境敦煌”提供了易于理解的遗产知识 | 0.767 | |||
| 目的地心理所有权(Destination psychological ownership,DPSO) | 0.802 | 0.924 | 0.877 | |
| PSO1:我感觉敦煌莫高窟成为“我的”一部分 | 0.891 | |||
| PSO2:我感觉和敦煌莫高窟产生了情感联结 | 0.897 | |||
| PSO3:我感觉与敦煌莫高窟有强烈的亲密感 | 0.900 | |||
| 目的地形象(Destination image,DEI) | 0.532 | 0.872 | 0.774 | |
| DEI1:我认为敦煌莫高窟文化内涵丰富 | 0.734 | |||
| DEI2:我认为敦煌莫高窟的文化具有独特性 | 0.761 | |||
| DEI3:我认为敦煌莫高窟有众多的历史遗迹 | 0.704 | |||
| DEI4:我认为去敦煌莫高窟旅游是令人愉悦的 | 0.770 | |||
| DEI5:我认为去敦煌莫高窟旅游是令人兴奋的 | 0.746 | |||
| DEI6:我认为去敦煌莫高窟旅游是令人放松的 | 0.658 | |||
| 目的地熟悉度(Destination familiarity,DEF) | 0.800 | 0.923 | 0.811 | |
| DEF1:我对敦煌莫高窟很熟悉 | 0.933 | |||
| DEF2:我很了解敦煌莫高窟 | 0.936 | |||
| DEF3:我曾经阅读、观看过敦煌莫高窟的相关资料、视频 | 0.809 | |||
| 遗产责任行为(Heritage responsibility behavior,HEB) | 0.538 | 0.890 | 0.851 | |
| HEB1:我会主动了解、遵守敦煌莫高窟的相关保护、管理规定 | 0.671 | |||
| HEB2:为了保护敦煌莫高窟,我会尽量减少使用当地的稀缺资源 | 0.694 | |||
| HEB3:看到有人破坏敦煌莫高窟,我会阻止或向相关部门报告 | 0.613 | |||
| HEB4:我会通过搜集网络资料、参与线下讲座等方式了解敦煌莫高窟 的历史文化 | 0.795 | |||
| HEB5:我会向亲朋好友准确传递敦煌莫高窟的相关知识,提高他们对 文化遗产的认识和保护意识 | 0.826 | |||
| HEB6:我会通过购买纪念品等不同的方式支持敦煌莫高窟可持续发展 | 0.712 | |||
| HERB7:我会说服亲朋好友参与有利于敦煌莫高窟可持续发展的活动 | 0.798 |
表2 相关系数矩阵以及变量的平均变异数抽取量平方根Table 2 Results of square root of AVE and correlation coefficient |
| 变量 | 物理可供性 | 认知可供性 | 目的地心理所有权 | 目的地形象 | 目的地熟悉度 | 游客遗产责任行为 |
| 注:对角线数值为变量的平均变异数抽取量平方根,对角线下的数值是变量间皮尔森相关系数,* P<0.01,** P<0.005,*** P<0.001。 | ||||||
| 物理可供性 | 0.785 | |||||
| 认知可供性 | 0.181*** | 0.790 | ||||
| 目的地心理所有权 | 0.194*** | 0.206*** | 0.896 | |||
| 目的地形象 | 0.136*** | 0.157*** | 0.147*** | 0.729 | ||
| 目的地熟悉度 | 0.081* | 0.116** | 0.499 | 0.048* | 0.894 | |
| 游客遗产责任行为 | 0.115*** | 0.140*** | 0.310*** | 0.129*** | 0.287*** | 0.733 |
表3 主效应检验Table 3 Results for main effect |
| 研究假设 | 估计值 | 标准误 | 结论 | |
| 注:*** P<0.001。 | ||||
| H1a | 物理可供性→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.159*** | 0.036 | 成立 |
| H1b | 认知可供性→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.216*** | 0.040 | 成立 |
表4 中介应检验Table 4 Results for mediation effect |
| 研究假设 | 效应值 | 标准误 | 95% 置信区间 | 结论 | |
| H2a | 物理可供性→目的地心理所有权→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.172 | 0.068 | [0.005,0.325] | 成立 |
| H2b | 认知可供性→目的地心理所有权→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.182 | 0.057 | [0.090,0.320] | 成立 |
| H3a | 物理可供性→目的地形象→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.219 | 0.128 | [0.008,0.515] | 成立 |
| H3b | 认知可供性→目的地形象→游客遗产责任行为 | 0.399 | 0.131 | [0.149,0.651] | 成立 |
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