Regional Differences and Geological Causes of Hydrochemistry of Natural Water in Xinjiang, China
Liu Yonglin1, 2, Luo Kunli1, , Li Ling1, Xu Yongxin1, Zhang Shixi3, Tian Yuan1
1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China2.Geography and Tourism College, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China3. Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
To study the regional differences of hydrochemistry of natural water in Xinjiang, 51 natural water samples from Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang were collected and analyzed. 103 sets of data on natural hydrochemistry in other parts of Xinjiang were collected from published papers. The results showed that: total dissolved solid (TDS) in natural water from Southern Xinjiang(1 589.4 mg/L) was 3.1 times as high as that of Northern Xinjiang(513.5 mg/L). TDS and TH in 83.33% and 89.59%, respectively, of natural water samples from Northern Xinjiang were to the standards for drinking water quality, while the figures for natural water samples from South Xinjiang were 62.26% and 70.75% respectively. The water type in North Xinjiang were Ca-HCO3 and Ca·Mg-HCO3·SO4 mainly,while the water type in South Xinjiang were Na·Ca-Cl·SO4 and Na·Mg-Cl·SO4. The mean/average concentration of nitrate ion(NO3-) in natural water from North Xinjiang(5.2 mg/L) was higher than that of South Xinjiang(2.7 mg/L). Main conclusions: The significant regional differences of hydrochemistry between North Xinjiang and South Xinjiang coincided with tectonic division in Xinjiang. Regional differences of hydrochemistry of natural water in Xinjiang resulted from the interaction of geological factor, hydrometeorologic factor and human activities. Chemical constituents of natural water from Xinjiang were mainly determined by rock weathering and evaporation concentration. Chemical constituents of natural water from North Xinjiang were mainly from carbonatite and evaporite weathering. And chemical constituents of natural water from South Xinjiang were mainly from carbonatite, silicate minerals and evaporite weathering. The evolution of chemical constituents of natural water in North Xinjiang was less affected by evaporation concentration than that in South Xinjiang. In addition, NO3- concentration in natural water from Xinjiang was high, indicating that human activities also had an impact on the regional differences of hydrochemistry to some extent.
LiuYonglin, LuoKunli, LiLing, XuYongxin, ZhangShixi, TianYuan. Regional Differences and Geological Causes of Hydrochemistry of Natural Water in Xinjiang, China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016, 36(5): 794-802 https://doi.org/10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.05.019
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[Xinjiang Expedition Team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XET,CAS), Institute of Geology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGCAS), Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XBCAS). Beijing: Science Press,1965: 25-32.]
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
西藏地区天然水的水化学性质和元素特征
1
2014
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Williams M A J.The ion chemistry of lakes and late Holocene desication in the Badain Jaran Desert, Inner Monglia,China
2
2003
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
... [25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Chemical weathering in the upper reaches of Xijiang River draining the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,Southwest China
1
2007
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Xia X H et al.Major element chemistry of the Changjiang (Yangtze River)
1
2002
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Xia J et al.Major element chemistry of the H uai River basin,China
1
2011
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
珠江水系河水主要离子化学特征及成因
1
1999
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
珠江水系河水主要离子化学特征及成因
1
1999
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Meybeck M et al.Spatial and temporal analysis of water chemistry records (1958-2000) in the Huanghe Basin
1
2005
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Beccaluva L et al.Geochemistry and water quality assessment of central Main Ethiopian Rift natural waters with emphasis on source and occurrence of fluoride and arsenic
1
2010
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
地点
样数(个)
pH
Ca2+
Mg2+
Na+
K+
HCO3-
SO42-
Cl-
NO3-
SiO2
TDS
新疆
154
7.8
59.2
51.7
218.2
15.8
188.4
314.9
287.3
3.95
-
1045.3
北疆[20,21]
48
7.9
29.1
27.2
105.3
8.5
117.3
205.0
74.5
5.2
-
513.5
南疆[18,19]
106
7.7
89.3
76.1
331.0
23.0
259.5
424.8
500.1
2.7
12.6
1589.4
和田
51
7.9
73.1
49.5
211.7
17.5
277.2
270.4
256.4
3.1
12.6
1004.4
西藏[24]
57
7.6
55.3
18.7
34.9
3.1
169.7
54.7
47.7
-
12.6
311.9
巴丹吉林沙漠地下水[25]
11
7.9
52.5
30.6
257.9
18.6
213.7
267.8
236.3
46.9
-
1017.5
巴丹吉林沙漠湖水[25]
9
9.97
20
125
64190
4470
7320
15300
52900
-
40.59
140705.6
西江上游[26]
51
8.1
21.1
9.5
4.5
1.8
166.6
23.0
2.4
7.1
6.1
158.8
长江流域[27]
191
-
34.1
7.6
8.2*
-
133.8
11.7
2.9
-
2.9
134.3
淮河流域[28]
52
7.4
45.0
21.5
87.3
6.7
142.6
106.9
81.4
9.5
8.4
438.0
珠江流域[29]
109
-
38.4
4.5
2.1
0.1
132.0
7.7
1.2
-
6.0
126.0
黄河流域[30]
100
8.1
44.9
22.4
60.0
3.5
200.1
83.2
46.9
7.4
18.0
386.4
埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷[31]
41
8.1
19.6
5.3
1058.2
63.8
2326.8
62.5
360.0
8.4
-
2741.2
亚马逊河流域[32]
124
-
12.0
1.7
3.9
1.2
43.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
9.0
58.3
注: *表示Na+K的密度;“-”表示无数据. ...
Geochemistry of the Amazon:2.The influence of geology and weathering environment on the dissolved load
5
1983
... Water chemistry in different regions of the world
MINTEQA2/PRODEF2,a geochemical assessment model for environmental systems: Version 3.0 user's manual[CP].United States Environmental Protection Agency Report No. EPA/600/3-91/021U.S. Govt.