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  • 2019 Volume 39 Issue 3
    Published: 10 March 2019
      

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  • Haichao Luo, Changhong Miao
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    The research on industry transfer has shifted from the perspective of transfer to the perspective of the undertaking. The perspective of the undertaking of the research on industry transfer has two approaches: the factors that affect industry transfer and the effect of industrial transfer on the undertaking. The transfer industry concerned to research on the influence factors of industry transfer has shifted from foreign direct investment(FDI) to foreign and domestic investment; the factors concerned to research on the influence factors of industry transfer also shift from the economic impact factors to the more comprehensive factors that included economic factors, institutional factors, policy factors and culture factors; the undertaking ability concerned to research on the influence factors of industry transfer also shifts from a comprehensive ability to a single capacity. The research literature of undertake industrial transfer effect can be divided according to four criteria that included the theoretical or empirical research perspective, comprehensive or single effect, the space scale of undertaking perspective and empirical research logic. The study of specific effects includes economic growth and employment effect, industrial structure optimization and hindrance effect, technology spillover and innovation effect, environmental effect and comprehensive effect. In recent years, the study of environmental effects has been most closely watched, and the research perspective has been moving from static to dynamic and most recently, there has been a trend of integration and crossover. Finally, this article puts forward the further research direction of influencing factors and effects of undertaking industrial transfer. The future research direction of the influencing factors of undertaking industrial transfer is as follows: 1) We should strengthen the study of industry transfer in smaller scale. 2) We will strengthen research on certain types of the transfer industries. 3) We should strengthen the comparative study of different industries and different undertaking areas. The future research direction of the effect of undertaking industrial transfer is as follows. 1) We should pay attention to the effect of difficult quantitative analysis, strengthen the combination of theory and empirical research. 2) We should pay attention to the study of the key effects of different industries and strengthen the study of the single effect. 3) We should pay attention to the micro research at the enterprise level and strengthen the study of the city as the undertaking. 4) We should pay attention to the differentiation between the industrial transfer effect and the development effect of the undertaking, and strengthen the accuracy of the research.

  • Yuan Yao, Xi Chen, Jing Qian
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    The advance of remote sensing technology provides an effective way for disaster prediction, environmental monitoring, resource surveys. Remote sensing technology has become a effective tools to get geo-information comprehensively, accurately, and quickly. Undoubtedly, remote sensing technology in the 21th century has entered an era of quantitative analysis. Thus, the scale issues have always attracted increasing the attention in quantitative remote sensing owing to scale effects limite the accuracy of retrieval the development of its applications. It is a significant problem in remote sensing research, and the methods of scale transformation have been proved is useful to resolve this problem. In ordert to study the scale issues of remote sensing, the advances in methodology of scale issues in quantitative remote sensing must be discussed. Firstly, as we know, the concept of scale is now suffering from a discrepancy in different research area, such as remote sensing, meteorology, hydrology, ecology and geography. Therefore, the definition of scale and relevant methodology in above mentioned research area are introduced in the first of this paper. Secondly, in reviewing the scale issues in remote sensing, the approaches for spatial and temporal scale transformation are reviewed. We summarize the advanges and disadvantages of the mainly spatial scale transformation methods, such as statistical transformation method, classification transformation method, data fusion transformation method, fractal analysis method, local dynamic model based scaling approach and scale transformation method based on physical meaning. Thirdly, the application of measured vapotranspiration and agricultural drought are restricted by remotely sensed data owing to the direct result are instantaneous value estimated at the passing time of satellite. Consequently, different time scales values have practiacal significance. We have summarized many remote sensing data time scale extrapolation methods. The results obtained show that each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the future research directions were equally proposed in order to provide a reference for future researchers interested in quantitative remote sensing.

  • Xueqin Lin, Yiming Guo, Dai Wang
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    In this paper, we construct the evaluation index system of industrial resource efficiency and environmental efficiency by using the hybrid directional distance function model, build an influencing factors model of industrial resource and environmental efficiency based on spatial effect to analyze the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of industrial resource and environmental efficiency in China(Hongkong Macau and Taiwan are excluded) in 2006 and 2015. The results show that: 1) Industrial resource efficiency is generally low and has decreased for many years. The spatial differentiation is transformed from ‘balanced distribution’ to ‘west high east low’, and the resource efficiency has positive spatial correlation and the degree of correlation has been improved. 2) Industrial environmental efficiency is generally low and has a slight decline for many years, the spatial differentiation shows an ‘H’ pattern in general, and the positive spatial correlation effect of environmental efficiency is significant. 3) Industrialization level and environmental regulation are negatively correlated with resource efficiency; opening to the outside world has a positive correlation with the resource efficiency, but the effect becomes not significant gradually; there is a significant positive correlation between production level and resource efficiency. 4) Opening to the outside world has a significant positive correlation with environmental efficiency, but the effect gradually becomes not significant; environmental regulation has a significant negative correlation with environmental efficiency, the effect becomes gradually not significant; the production level has a significant positive correlation with environmental efficiency, and the increase in the number of industrial enterprises, especially large and medium-sized enterprises, has a significantly negative correlation with the environmental efficiency.

  • Yanli Liu, Zhixuan Zhao, Zhouliang Sun, Guoqing Wang, Junliang Jin, Gaoxu Wang, Zhenxin Bao, Cuishan Liu, Ruimin He
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    Water benefit-sharing instead of allocation could provide full play to water resources profit thus release and reduce regional conflicts. But this concept still stays in the status of imagine and design without enforceable water allocation scheme. This study constructed an index system of transboundary multi-objective water resources allocation based on the concept of water benefit-sharing. Taking the Lancang-Mekong River Basin as an example, based on the analysis of current situation and demanol of water resources, it proposed an allocation model of multi-objective water resources allocation. The index system and allocation model provide an operable and practical way, which would facilitate the implementation of water benefit-sharing in trans-boundary rivers, thus promote to achieve the goals of win-win development in bilateral or multilateral countries on the utilization of cross-border water resources.

  • Ling Yu, Jiaming Liu, Lufeng Yao, Tao Li
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    Cultures are the soul of the tourism industry in the context of promoting integrated development of tourism and culture. The real-scene performing art tourism resource (RPATR), as a new type of tourism resource, has increasingly attracted the interest of scholars across various disciplines, such as anthropology, economics, sociology, etc. However, there are few studies from the geography perspective. Due to the differences of culture, economy, climate environment and tourism development level in different region, RPATR inevitably presents different distribution patterns. To satisfy current demands for the development of cultural tourism and to meet the challenges of the construction and management of RPATR, a scientific and systematic investigation and exploration of the distribution rules of the RPATR is important. Based on 283 the RPATRs of national 4A, 5A tourist attractions in China, supported by GIS software, this study mainly examined four research topics about the RPATR in China: the development stage characteristics, type features, multi-scale (the nation, the three regions, the province) spatial pattern and spatio-temporal diffusion process. The main results are as follows. 1) Through a quantitative analysis based on the investment data, we divided the development of the RPATR in China into 3 stages: the exploration participation period (2004-2007), the development period (2008-2014) and the maturity period (2015-2017). 2) According to the characteristics of the RPATR in terms of performance time and form, we identified 3 kinds of RPATR, respectively the evening show, the daily show and the indoor show, as well as addressing the distribution characteristics of the different types RPATR. 3) We discussed the spatial distribution of RPATR at nation, the 3 main regions, province scales. At the level of the nation, the distribution of RPATR along with the 2 sides of “Hu Line” shows the features of “dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest”. At the level of the three regions, the distribution of RPATR shows a “gradient” feature that the number of RPATR in the east is more than in the middle, and in the middle more than in the west. At the level of the province, the investment scale, density distribution and type pattern of RPATR are highly correlated with the level of social and economic development and the standard of tourism development in each province. 4) Macroscopically, RPATR showed that the eastern coastal area (the economic prosperous region) and the southwest area (the rich tourism resources region) were the first development regions of RPATR, next spreading from the east to the central and western regions along the Yangtze River. On the micro level, the distribution of RPATR spreaded from provincial capitals and key tourist cities to third-tier and fourth-tier cities.

  • Wenqian Ke, Wei Chen, Yuqi Lu, Zhaoyuan Yu, Qing Yang
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    High-speed traffic network, as a significant power in molding the spatial-temporal characteristics of city networks, has been the key indicator. Based on the expressway network and its traffic flow data between county-level administrative units from 2004 to 2012, this article attempted to identify the functional structures and regional impacts of city networks in Jiangsu Province by introducing the community detection model, and to further explore the spatial organization patterns of the city networks during its evolutionary process. The conclusions can be drawn as follow: 1) The macro-spatial patterns of city networks has been no obvious change during the evolutionary process. The spatial characteristics can be summarized that cities with relatively good space connection and network density were distributed along the Yangtze River banks, including Southern Jiangsu and Mid-Jiangsu, while the regions with ordinary network connections and network intensity in Northern Jiangsu. The distribution characteristics reveal that Jiangsu Province is not a complete economic regional unit. 2) Several "city communities" with spatially connected and clearly defined are identified during city networks process, respectively. The spatial metaphors of the communities can be concluded in three aspects. Firstly, trans-prefectural linkages can be formed through spatial integrated effects of metropolis regions. Secondly, some communities have the same boundaries with prefecture level administrative units, which reveal that significant administrative region economy still exists in contemporary Jiangsu. Thirdly, several cities located in the marginal areas of prefectures and captured by the powerful center cities in neighboring prefectures would lead themselves to be absorbed into the communities of neighboring prefectures. 3) The spatial organizations patterns in Southern Jiangsu, Mid-Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu have their own characteristics. In Southern Jiangsu, the spatial structures can be seen as a spatial integrated and multi-hierarchical networks all the time; In Mid-Jiangsu, its spatial structures are developing from uniform to differentiation during the evolutionary process; In Northern Jiangsu, its spatial structures show as a fragmented and undeveloped characteristics. Basis on the empirical study of Jiangsu’s experience, the evolutionary process theoretical model of regional city networks can be divided into three stages from early stage of urbanization to middle and late urbanization, i.e., the undeveloped networks, the developing multi-hierarchical networks, the polycentric and multi-hierarchical networks.

  • Shanzhu Cai, Lin Lu
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    The spatial and temporal pattern of state-level economic and technological development zones is basically consistent with that of China's opening-up strategy. It is of practical significance for the scientific development of China's economic and technological development zones and their industries to strengthen the research on the space-time pattern of national economic and technological development zones and their industries. In this article, the number of state-level economic and technological development zones and the panel data of leading industries in prefecture-level cities from 1989 to 2015 were selected, and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) was applied to exploring the evolution characteristics of state-level economic and technological development zones and their industrial spatial patterns. Study found that China's national economic and technological development zones: 1) development has 4 stages: the exploration stage (1984-1989), the promotion stage (1990-1999), perfecting stage (2000-2009) and upgrade stage (2010-2015), and the spatial pattern of evolution of the corresponding showed 4 space forms of point axis structure, T type structure, a PI type structure and network structure; the six patterns of spatial pattern evolution are "point-line-surface" diffusion, gradient diffusion, grade diffusion, neighborhood diffusion, agglomeration diffusion and upgrade diffusion. The spatial correlation presents a fluctuating agglomeration change trend, and the "high-high" agglomeration zone gradually evolves from Qingdao-Yantai to the 3 agglomeration zones in the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the coastal area of Fujian Province. 2) The evolution law of the leading industry spatial pattern is: the 5 leading industries (namely equipment manufacturing, communication and electronics, petrochemical industry, food industry and pharmaceutical manufacturing) are relatively concentrated and stable, and the spatial pattern is basically consistent with the 4 forms of spatial pattern changes in the national economic and technological development zone; 5 leading industries of spatial agglomeration were characterized by: the equipment manufacturing industry is still gathering momentum, which in 1999 and 2015 were at the 0.01 level significant agglomeration, those in 1989 and 2009 at the 0.1 level significant agglomeration, the rest were in "from dispersion to agglomeration" situation, including pharmaceutical manufacturing, communications, electronic and petrochemical industry in 2015 with the 0.01 level significant agglomeration. All illustrated the 5 leading industries were more concentrated in 2015. 3) The spatial pattern evolution of the 3 types of industries was basically the same as that of the national economic and technological development zones; The spatial agglomeration of the industries showed an overall "N-type" change trend, in which the technology-intensive and labor-intensive industries were fluctuating agglomeration trend, and the capital-intensive industries showed a "decentralization—agglomeration—decentralization—agglomeration" change trend. From the perspective of the significance of agglomeration, technology-intensive industries were significantly agglomerated at the level of 0.01 in 1999 and 2015, and at the level of 0.1 in 2009. Capital-intensive industries were significantly concentrated at the level of 0.01 in 2015. Labor-intensive industries gathered significantly at the level of 0.05 in 1999, and at the level of 0.1 in 1989 and 2015.

  • Xiaomei Ji, Chao Wang, Xiaodi Zhao
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    Scholars have more emphasized on the spatial interaction of fiscal expenditure or deficit. Regrettably, firstly, they have far more attention to the time rule of fiscal deficit than to the regional pattern. Then, it is an academic consensus that finance in China is sustainable and fiscal deficit is controllable, but there is no inquiry on the deficit risk of concrete regions. Thirdly, although a part of researchers have focused on the spatial interaction, especially for the spatial spillover effect of fiscal deficit on imitations or comparisons among local governments, giving rise to spatial cluster of fiscal deficit at varied levels, less importance has attached on the validation of cluster leading to deviations in conclusions. Adopting Barycenter Model, Time-space Transition and Geo-surveillance, this article researched the time-space evolution and spatial interaction of fiscal deficit ratio at prefectural level. It was found that: 1) The barycenter of deficit ratio is distant from that of economic development, the deficit ratio of prefectures in Mid-Western China is much higher than that in Eastern China. 2) The spatial pattern of deficit ratio characterized by path dependence and spatial overspill, the inter-governmental competitions make it hard to break the situation where fiscal deficit is popular in the whole China. 3) The more backward area bears higher deficit risk. The cold point of deficit ratio is centered in the coastal area but its scale has been decreasing as time goes, the hot point of that has been sprawling from the western to the eastern quickly and the risk level has been heightening. 4) The cumulative risk decreases as the terrain lowers. The vast majority of prefectures in Eastern-Middle China is staying in the no-warning risk area, the positive fiscal strategy has more space to put its effects on economy. The most of prefectures grouped into the risk-warning area are traditionally industrial cities in Mid-Western China. The risk-adjusted area is concentrated in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its edge zone. Measures to control fiscal risk are made, such as it is proper to apply deficit strategies for every regions; in no-warning area, the social welfare should be prioritized by fiscal expenditure, and private investment and domestic demand should play more important role in stimulating economic growth and increasing fiscal revenue; in the risk-warning area, strengthening the endogenous power of economic growth is more efficient to realize the long-term harmony between finance and economy; the Central Government should do favor to people’s livelihood projects in the risk-adjusted area to release the fiscal pressure of local governments.

  • Tangqi Tu, Dongsheng Yan, Jianglong Chen, Hui Wang, Yanlin Zheng
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    Basic public service equalization is essential for the promotion of regional sustainable development and establishment of harmonious society. Educational equalization is one of core components of basic public service equalization and realization of educational equity is especially a critical task and representation of basic public service equalization. Based on a set of reliable and practical indicators including scale, quality, accessibility as well as carrying capacity of compulsory educational facilities, this paper employs a series of methods such as Zipf logarithm model, G index, differential determination coefficient and GIS-based road network measurement to investigate the spatial evolution of compulsory educational facilities in urban Nanjing within 2006-2015. The results of this study show that: Within 2006-2015, the overall scale of the compulsory education facilities in Nanjing is expanding, meanwhile the size difference of elementary schools is shrinking, and junior high schools are expanding. Also, the scale difference of educational facilities in the central urban and suburban areas shows the trend of widening and narrowing respectively. The educational quality difference generally declines with fluctuation, and high-quality education resource exhibits a general spatial diffusion but is still relatively concentrated. Besides, the core-periphery structure of qualities on compulsory educational facilities still exists obviously, and the phenomena of polarization on high-quality educational resources within administrative districts become more prominent. Due to factors such as school relocation and extension of residential areas, overall accessibility of compulsory educational facilities declines with higher time cost. Compared with elementary schools, the decline of accessibility of junior high schools is more significant. Among all districts in the study area, Jianye District is characterized by a minimum internal equilibrium of accessibility and patterns of school districts division exert a dominant impact on accessibility fairness. On account of changes of population age structure and the layout of the urban facilities, the pressure of education capacity in the study area is generally alleviated except Jiangning District and Jianye District, which have a relatively sharp rise. Furthermore, the equilibrium of capacity distribution of compulsory educational facilities in the central urban area has increased, and the suburbs show a downward trend. This article examines the ten-year spatial evolution process of compulsory educational facilities in urban Nanjing, aiming at providing scientific decision-making advice for the optimization of planning and management on compulsory educational facilities.

  • Bing Xue, Xiao Xiao, Jingzhong Li, Xiao Xie, Chengpeng Lu, Wanxia Ren
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    It is a crucial research content of human-economic geography to quantitatively research the spatial correlation between urban residences with its price and the regional commercial service. Taking Shenyang City in Liaoning Province as a case study and using the residential and retail points of interest (POI) as a data source, this paper extracted the spatial clustering patterns of various residences based on the spatial kernel density analysis method, and then quantitatively expressed the correlation between commercial and residential spatial distribution. On this basis, this paper used the geo-statistical method to measure the spatial heterogeneity of houses prices and measured the impact of retail format layout on houses prices. Solutions presented in this research can be summarized as follows: The overall spatial aggregation characteristics of retailing are similar to that of dwellings, the distribution pattern of the central urban agglomeration and the multi-centers dispersion in the periphery city is presented. The correlation coefficient between retails’ density and residences’ density is 0.95. There is a strong correlation between residences, and some small-scale retails including supermarkets and convenience stores, the aggregation effect of shopping malls is lagging behind the urban dwellings. Large retail’ should be located in the Tiexi eco-technological development zone and other similar residential areas, in order to provide residents advanced shopping services. The inverted ‘U’ type spatial distribution model that houses prices presented is consistent with the attenuation characteristics of retail space’s density.

  • Duo Yin, Muyan Cai, Jinduo Liang, Hong Zhu, Quan Gao
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    Taking homeless people in Guangzhou as an example, through the qualitative research methods such as non-participating observation and in-depth interviews, this article analyzes the spatial governance policies designated for urban homelessness and the subjective construction and agency excise of homelessness in the everyday life practice. The study finds that, under the dual pressure of urban policy on restriction of mobility and the accessibility to urban public space, the everyday life practice of homeless people is constituted in relation to conscious impression management for governing actors, and preconscious or unconscious flow of affect and self-identity embedding in their daily routine and lifestyle. They not only have the need to maintain basic survival, but also eager to pursue a better life in the city. The practice of everyday life not only demonstrates the agency of homeless, but more importantly emphasizes and highlights the true emotions, needs and identity of homeless as humanity. Their humanity, which challenged and manifested the urban mainstream groups and culture, portrayed their own choice of life paths. There is contingency between top-down social aid and actually existing everyday practices, as local government aims at spatial regulation per se rather than vitalizes human ethics. The research focuses on how the marginalized groups shape the symbolic meaning of space and contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of the homeless in China.

  • Wenfeng Zeng, Genghe Gao
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    Migration and population flow is one of the largest and most far-reaching geographical processes in China since the reform and opening up, and has always been an important part of the study of population geography and other related disciplines. The study on the time course of migration and population flow helps to promote and deepen the development of the theory of spatial-temporal evolution of population migration. Based on in-depth interview data out of field investigation, the article focus on the rule of spatial variation over time of migrant workers with the statistical analysis and iterative binary logistic method. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Migrant workers' choice of job location is a dynamic process that tends to be optimized and the multi-ladder flow assumption of migrant workers is validated. With the increase of working age and the number of migrants, the working places has gradually stabilized, the proportion of the increase and decrease in the employment distance has gradually declined, while the distance invariant has risen. The duration of temporary and short-term employment has declined, and the proportion of long-term migrant workers has slightly increased. Urban areas and county seats are the first choices for migrant workers, but in terms of evolutionary trends, the towns in rural areas have shown a rising trend. The urban areas near the villages of migrant workers have increasingly become an option for migrant workers. In the direct cause of the high mobility of migrant workers, the externally forced causes weakened, and the personal subjective motivations strengthened. The result indicates that the labor market has gradually become more standardized and the employment status has been optimized. 2) As the flow decision is optimized, the significance of each major factor in each model also changes accordingly. The number of years of employment and geographical types in work-related factors, the age in individual factors, family size and arable land in households in family factors, village topography, ratio of number for migrant workers, village location in village factors are significant impact among the different models. The changes in the degree of significance and direction of these factors in the successive flow model reflect the adjustment and optimization of the migrant workers’ mobility decision-making. After many moves and experiences, the working sites have become more in line with their own expectations. However, due to the lack of large sample data, this article only carried out six village small sample studies. In the future, we can try to expand the data sample and conduct research. At the same time, it is also a meaningful work to study more than five movements in the migrant workers' working period, which will also help deepen research into this issue. In addition, due to the limitations of the samples used in the study, whether the conclusions are applicable to other regions remains to be further verified.

  • Xiaofei Chen, Jianfeng Guo, Zhiqiang Hu, Changhong Miao
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    The theory of the industrial cluster is professional networking based on local agglomeration. Based on the tracking research of Chery Automotive Cluster,the evolution process and driving mechanism of enterprise network were depicted due to the data of enterprise relations in 2005, 2010 and 2014. The study found:1) From 1997 to 2014, cluster networks hadexperienced ‘loose networks-tightnetworks-open networks’ stage. The density and coefficient of clusternetworkswere constantly increasing, and the average shortest paths were decreasing. Among them, industrial connection networkswerethe most mature, and innovation cooperation networkswere the most imperfect. 2) Based onthe ‘selection-genetic-variation’ theory, the evolution mechanism of networks wereessential the results of path dependence mechanism (government function, relationship inheritance), relationship selection mechanism (strategic choice, market selection) and learning innovation mechanisms(technical exchange). In the loose networks, the tight networks and the open networks stage, the path dependence mechanism, the relationship selection mechanism and the learning innovation mechanism played the leading role respectively. 3) The enterprise networksweregradually developing from the local cluster networks to cross-regional and cross-cluster networks, which was consistent with the overall development of the global automotive industry networks.

  • Dehuai Wang, Xudong Li
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    The Wujiang River Basin is a typical mountainous basin in Guizhou Province. Its natural ecological environment is bad and the contradiction between population and economic development is prominent. Exploring the relationship between population and economic coordinated development in the basin is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of population and economy in the basin. Based on the data from 2001 to 2015 by the Wujiang River Basin of Guizhou Province, this paper explores the relationship between population and economic coordinated development in the basin by means of population-economic elasticity, geographic concentration, coupling index, spatial autocorrelation and gravity analysis. The results show that: 1) In terms of the total scale, the population growth and economic growth in the basin have a high degree of coordination, but there are differences among different regions of the basin. 2) There are regional differences in the spatial distribution of population and economic geographic concentration. The central region of the basin is higher and gradually decreases from the middle to the surrounding areas. The value of Moran index of population and economic geography concentration degree decreases gradually in the global space, which indicates that the spatial autocorrelation of population and economic geography concentration degree is weakening, and the spatial independence of population and economic development is increasing gradually. 3) The Population center of gravity and the economic center of gravity gradually move to the southwest far away from the geometric center of gravity of the basin. The Population center of gravity deviates from economic center of gravity. There is a regional development imbalance in the Wujiang River Basin.

  • Yanji Ma, Xiaoping Ai
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    Combined with 2030 Sustainable Development Goals to construct the index system of sustainable urbanization development (SUD) from economy, society, resources and environment aspects, we use entropy method to calculate the level of SUD in Jilin Province from 2003 to 2016. Cluster analysis method is used to classify the level of SUD, as well as to classify the level of every subsystem. Compared the level of SUD in Jilin Province with those of Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Province, this article analyzed the reasons for differences between the SUDs in Jilin Province, Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Province. The result shows as following. 1) The level of SUD in Jilin Province was fluctuating and the trend for development was well. 2) The SUD in Jilin Province was roughly divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 2003 to 2008, which is a steady rise phase. The second stage was from 2009 to 2012, which was a period of rapid rise. The third stage is from 2013 to 2016, which was a phase of decline. During the study period, each subsystem showed an upward trend, among which the social subsystem rised the largest while the economic subsystem the smallest. The spatial pattern of the SUD in Jilin Province was “core-periphery” — the level of Changchun City was high and the level of other regions were low. The spatial layout of the economic, social and environmental subsystems are “high in the middle and east, low in the west”— the high value area in the middle was Changchun, but the high value areas in the east were slightly different. The resource subsystem is “high in the east, low in other regions” — the high value is in Baishan City. Compared with the SUD in the 3 provinces in Northeast China, during the study period, the level of sustainable urbanization development in Jilin Province was lower than that in Heilongjiang, and higher than that in Liaoning after 2015. Compared with the Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Provinces, the development of the development of the social subsystem was the worst.

  • Xiaoli Cong, Yue Huang, Jisheng Liu
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    To construct an indicator system for ecotourism and tourism environment evaluation, the entropy weighting method and comprehensive evaluation method are used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of ecotourism and tourism environment development in various cities of Jilin Province. The coupling coordination model is used to measure the coupling and coordination level and evolution of ecotourism and tourism environment in various cities of Jilin Province. Research result shows: 1) the inter-regional differences in the comprehensive development level of eco-tourism in Jilin Province are obvious. The development of the tourism environment is characterized by an imbalance, and the polarization effect of the development level becomes more and more obvious; 2) The coupling and coordination level of ecotourism and tourism environment system is low overall, the overall development of tourism environment lags behind the development of Ecotourism; 3) The overall coupling coordination degree of ecotourism and tourism environment in Jilin Province from 2007 to 2017 are on the verge of disorder and primary coordination, and the overall synergy effect of ecotourism and tourism environment is weaker than that in the previous period; 4)There is a positive relationship between the coordination of the coupling of ecotourism and tourism environment and the ecological civilization. The Higher the Coordination Level between Ecotourism and Tourism Environment,regional ecological civilization is also highly developed.

  • Li Ming, Hu Weixia, Wang Guiwen, Chai Xurong, Zhang Lianzhi
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    In this study, firstly, the meteorological drought events are defined by standardized precipitation index and run theory using the gridded dataset of monthly precipitation with spatial resolution of 0.5°×0.5° in East China Monsoon Area from 1961 to 2016. Secondly, Exponential and Gamma functions are selected to model the marginal distributions of drought duration and severity, respectively. Then, the Clayton Copula is used to construct the joint distribution of drought duration and severity. Lastly, conventional univariate and copula-based bivariate frequency analyses are employed to characterize drought events at different time scales, respectively. The results indicate that: 1) The spatial pattern of drought characteristics for 3-month time scale is very similar to that of 6-month time scale, but different from that of 12-month time scale; 2) The drought duration has a positive correlation with the drought severity at all three time scales, that is to say, the areas characterized with longer drought duration are also associated with higher drought severity; 3) Southwest China, the lower Yangtze River, northern and southern Huang-Huai-Hai Region, eastern Inner Mongolia and Eastern Heilongjiang are associated with a higher drought risk, while lower drought risks are noted for Changbai Mountains, Songnen Plain and the Pearl River Basin. The results can provide scientific basis for drought zoning and drought risk assessment in the Eastern China Monsoon Area.

  • Jilin Gu, Hongshan Tang, Miao Liu, Yang Geng, Yue Yu, Tao Tao
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    The development of the economy is restricted by the gradual increase of the quality concentration of the atmospheric pollutant. The concentration data of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 of the atmospheric pollutant in Dalian were statistically analyzed from June to December in 2015 and from June to December in 2016. The aerosol optical depth in Dalian was inverted base on ENVI software platform and the data of MODIS. The correlation between aerosol optical depth and concentration data of atmospheric pollutant PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 at 10 ground monitoring stations in Dalian City were researched by regression modeling. The aerosol optical depth was used as an independent variable, and atmospheric pollutants PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 were dependent variables. The types of functions that were linear, logarithmic, cubic, power and exponential in the SPSS software were selected to research. The best-fit model was selected by comparing the goodness of fit R2 of the regression model. The correlation was discussed between atmospheric pollution by using remote sensing data and aerosol optical depth monitoring. The results showed that the optimal fitting model of aerosol optical depth and NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 are all cubic models, and the goodness of fit R2 is 0.685, 0.801 and 0.845 respectively. The optimal fitting model of O3 and SO2 is the exponential model, whose R2 is 0.367 and 0.482. The optimal fitting model of CO is the logarithmic model, and its fitting optimal R2 is 0.810. The results provided the data for the analysis of sources of atmospheric aerosol pollution and governance.